Transdermal scopolamine in the prevention of motion sickness at sea

Price, Norman M.; Schmitt, Lenore G.; McGuire, James; Shaw, Jane E.; Trobough, G

doi:10.1038/clpt.1981.57

Cited by 100 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Choice reaction time and code substitution were not affected, but letter cancellation (a task involving continuous attention), was significantly impaired. Subjective side effects reported with oral and transdermal scopolamine include dry mouth, drowsiness, and blurred vision (Glaser 1953;Homick et al 1983;Parrott and Jones 1985 ;Price et al 1981). Cardiovascular effects have also been reported, with significant bradycardia following both oral and transdermal scopolamine (Brand et al 1968;Graybiel et al 1976).…”

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confidence: 94%

“…Lastly, by avoiding the oral route, transdermal delivery may be useful with people who are already vomiting. Transdermal scopolamine has been demonstrated to provide significant protection against motion illness, both under laboratory conditions of motion (Graybiel et al 1976(Graybiel et al , 1981(Graybiel et al , 1982Homick et al 1983;Hordinsky et al 1982), and at sea (Price et al 1981).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The effects of transdermal scopolamine and four dose levels of oral scopolamine (0.15, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg) upon psychological performance

Parrott

1986

Psychopharmacology

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Four dose levels of oral scopolamine (0.15 mg, 0.3 mg, 0.6 mg, 1,2 mg), transdermal scopolamine, and placebo, were investigated for their effects upon a battery of psychological performance measures in normal subjects. Oral scopolamine produced significant linear dose-related decrements on tasks involving continuous attention, continuous performance, memory storage for new information, and on self-rated feelings of alertness and sociability. Transdermal scopolamine produced significant performance impairments on these same assessment measures. Resting heart rate levels were significantly reduced by all scopolamine conditions. Side effects (dry mouth, dizziness) were frequent following transdermal scopolamine and the higher oral dose conditions. The overall effects of the transdermal scopolamine patch were broadly equivalent to the effects of 0.8 mg oral scopolamine. This oral dose equivalence for transdermal scopolamine is higher than expected, and possible reasons for this are discussed.

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confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of transdermal scopolamine and four dose levels of oral scopolamine (0.15, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg) upon psychological performance

Parrott

1986

Psychopharmacology

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“…Scopolamine is an effective antiemetic/antinauseant in up to 75% of individuals when tested against motion sickness stimuli (1). Sideeffects most often reported were those of dry mouth, drowsiness, and impairment of ocular accommodation (23,24).…”

Section: Adverse Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of contact dermatitis associated with transdermal therapeutic systems

Holdiness

1989

Contact Dermatitis

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The literature is reviewed for contact dermatitis associated with transdermal therapeutic systems. Clonidine, nitroglycerin, scopolamine, estradiol and testosterone are utilized in such applications, and fentanyl is under investigation. Most cutaneous reactions are limited to localized dermatitis; however, generalized systemic effects may occur. Investigators are reporting skin-related side-effects in up to 50% of patients using transdermal clonidine; however, with the other agents, this is demonstrated much less frequently. Reactivation of the dermatitis via oral medication, following sensitization to the patch, is noted in rare instances.Key words: transdermal therapeutic systems; contact dermatitis; adverse cutaneous reactions; donidine; nitroglycerin; scopolamine; estradiol; testosterone; fentanyl. Accepted fur publication 20 August 1988Transdermal therapeutic systems (TTS) have made possible effective "rate-controlled" transcutaneous administration of certain drugs. A number of other advantages include elimination of gastrointestional absorption, reduced total dosage, less expense than intramuscular or intravenous administration where applicable, avoidance of "first-pass" inactivation by the liver, use of agents with a narrow therapeutic index, and improved compliance with decreased administration cycle. Although these devices have proven quite useful, they are not without side-effects. One limitation is that of contact dermatitis, which in some instances necessitates discontinuation of the patch. It is the intention of this article to review the local and systemic side-effects of these systems.5 TTS are commercially available, which contain the compounds clonidine, nitroglycerin, scopolamine, estradiol, and testosterone; fentanyl is currently under investigation. Each consists basically of 4 membranes, as demonstrated in Fig. 1. The reservoir is surrounded by an occlusive backing membrane, which prevents the outward diffusion of the drug. A control microporous membrane allows diffusion of the medication at a constant controlled rate into the skin, with an adhesive for attachment to the surface. The approximate thickness of the 4 membranes is 0.2 mm. Adverse ReactionsClonidine is a centrally acting alpha-agonist used primarily as an antihypertensive agent. Standard predictive tests in guinea pigs indicate that it is not a contact allergen, as confirmed by clinical trials with the oral form (1). However, when the transdermal patch became available, a larger than expected proportion of users became sensitized. The most commonly reported side-effects of dry mouth and drowsiness were generally decreased with transdermal therapy (2, 3). Rebound hypertension with the patch has only rarely been reported (4, 5).

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“…Whenever pharmacist dispense the scopolamine patch, pharmacist should provide patient drug consultations with proper directions of use and cautions. Because its misuse may casuse side effects and those should be prevented (Parrrot et al, 1989;Price et al, 1981). *Corresponding author Tel: +82-43-261-3590, Fax: +82-43-268-2732 E-mail: slim@chungbuk.ac.kr Also scopolamine patch is available as two versions of strength which are each for children only (age of 8 thru 15 year old) or for adults only (age of over 15 year old) in S. Korea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, scopolamine is associated with a high incidence of side effects and some could be idiosyncratic adverse effects. Most of adverse effects are only decreasing quality of life, but some are very dangerous and those must be carefully monitored and prevented (Parrrot et al, 1989;Price et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Scopolamine Patch Pharmacotherapy for Motion Sickness in S. Korean

Lim¹,

Lee²,

Lee³

et al. 2008

Biomolecules and Therapeutics

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− Scopolamine patch is an effective anticholinergic and antiemetic agent for motion sickness in S. Korea. Since this medication is Over The Counter (OTC) medication and may cause serious side effects when misused. Therefore, we evaluate the safety and efficacy for scopolamine patch in this study. We selected and surveyed total 43 patients who purchased scopolamine patch from three different pharmacies located at S and C Express Bus terminals and P Port at Seoul, Cheongju, and Busan. In the result, 11 patients (8~15 year old: 25.6%) were correctly used scopolamine patch with a children dose and 2 patients were misused. 26 (15~60 year old: 60.4%) and 4 (over 6o year old: 9.3%) patients were correctly used with a adult dose. 33 patients (69.9%) answered that they knew the directions well how to use scopolamine patch correctly. Only 24.2% (n=8) patients learned the directions by pharmacist's consultation. Most patients (45 frequencies with duplicate counts) had some experienced side effects and among those drowsiness is the most common one. In conclusion, scopolamine patch as a non-prescription drug (OTC) should be monitored by pharmacist with correct drug consultation.

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Transdermal scopolamine in the prevention of motion sickness at sea

Cited by 100 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of transdermal scopolamine and four dose levels of oral scopolamine (0.15, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg) upon psychological performance

The effects of transdermal scopolamine and four dose levels of oral scopolamine (0.15, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg) upon psychological performance

A review of contact dermatitis associated with transdermal therapeutic systems

Evaluation of Scopolamine Patch Pharmacotherapy for Motion Sickness in S. Korean

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