Transdermal patches loaded with L-cysteine HCL as a strategy for protection from mobile phone emitting electromagnetic radiation hazards

Omar, S. M.; Nasr, Mohamed; Rafla, Diana A.

doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2018.09.004

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Relevant literature has shown that electromagnetic radiation from phones can cause neurasthenia, chest tightness, palpitations, and other diseases, and can accelerate glucose metabolism in the brain [6]. Keangin et al calculated the SAR of liver tissue, as well as the effects of tissue temperature increase, using single-slit and double-slit coaxial antennas [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific Absorption Rate and Temperature Distributions in the Human Head with Implanted Deep Brain Stimulation Subjected to Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Radiation

Tian,

Wu,

et al. 2023

Electronics

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Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), also known as the brain pacemaker, has gradually evolved from a scientific experiment into an effective clinical treatment for movement disorders as a method of improving movement disorders. At present, there are few studies on the effects of 5G mobile phone antenna radiation on the heads of adult patients implanted with DBS. In this study, COMSOL Multiphysics was used to establish a mobile phone model with a 5G/4G patch antenna, a real human head, and the DBS models. Then, we calculated the specific absorption rate (SAR) of various layers of the head tissues with the mobile phone at different distances from the human head, as well as the temperature change rule of the head and the DBS irradiated by the antenna for 30 min. The simulation results showed that when the frequency is 3500 MHz, the electromagnetic radiation of the phone to the patient’s head is generally greater than that of the 2400 MHz. When at 3500 MHz, the distance between the phone and the head is inversely proportional to the SAR value; thus, when the distance between the phone and the head is 1 cm, the maximum SAR value—which is 1.132 W/kg—appeared in the skin layer of the head with implanted DBS. But it is worth noting that the largest temperature rise appeared in the brain layer at 2400 MHz and at a distance of 1 cm, which is 0.2148 °C. Although the SAR values and temperature rise obtained from all simulations are below the limits of 2 W/kg and +1 °C specified by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), we still recommend that patients with implanted DBS maintain a distance when using the phones.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific Absorption Rate and Temperature Distributions in the Human Head with Implanted Deep Brain Stimulation Subjected to Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Radiation

Tian,

Wu,

et al. 2023

Electronics

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“…Kecepatan internet dalam 4G dapat mencapai 100 Mbps sehingga aplikasi yang membutuhkan kecepatan sangat tinggi seperti game online, streaming video definisi tinggi dan TV interaktif dapat dinikmati (Patel et al, 2018). Telepon seluler telah lama diketahui memancarkan radiasi gelombang elektromagnetik (Omar et al, 2018). Secara definisi radiasi merupakan cara perambatan energi ke lingkungannya tanpa membutuhkan medium atau bahan pengantar tertentu (Ancila & Hidayanto, 2016) dan gelombang elektromagnetik adalah gelombang yang dihasilkan dari partikel bermuatan listrik yang bergerak dan terbentuk dari rotasi elektron di dalam atom dan intinya (Kaplan et al, 2015).…”

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Perbandingan Gambaran Histologis Lapisan Piramidalis Area Ca1 Hipokampus Mus Musculus yang Dipapar Radiasi Gelombang Elektromagnetik Telepon Seluler 3G dan 4G

Lala,

Sari

2023

JPPP

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Penggunaan telepon seluler telah menjadi kebiasaan dan kebutuhan masyarakat modern saat ini. Penggunaan telepon seluler khususnya dalam menelpon sering kali diletakkan pada kepala kanan. Penggunaan ini dapat memberikan dampak kepada hipokampus, salah satunya pada daerah CA1 yang berfungsi untuk membentuk proses ingatan jangka panjang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak paparan gelombang elektromagnetik telepon seluler 3G dan 4G pada lapisan piramidalis CA1 hipokampus model hewan coba mencit. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental, menggunakan mencit galur Mus musculus jantan, dengan jumlah total sampel sebanyak 32 mencit. Mencit dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok: kelompok kontrol, kelompok Sham, kelompok perlakuan I (P1), dan kelompok perlakuan II (P2). Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu berupa paparan 3G dan 4G yang dilakukan 1 jam setiap hari selama 30 hari. Variabel yang diteliti adalah ketebalan lapisan dan jumlah neuron pada lapisan piramidal area CA1 hipokampus mencit. Kemudian otak diambil dan dibuat sediaan histologi menggunakan pewarnaan haematoxylin-eosin dan diamati menggunakan mikroskop cahaya pembesaran 400x serta menggunakan software Cell Sens. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Anova satu arah dan uji beda nyata terkecil. Hasil penelititan didapatkan bertambahnya ketebalan lapisan piramidal serta berkurangnya rerata jumlah neuron piramidal area CA1 hipokamopus pada kelompok yang diberikan paparan. Setelah dilakukan analisis statistik, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok pada ketebalan lapisan piramidalis area CA1 hipokampus serta terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan rerata jumlah neuron piramidal kelompok yang diberikan paparan dan tidak.

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Novel ZnFe2O4@MnO2@MXene composites with ultrathin thickness and excellent electromagnetic absorption performance

Peng

Guo

et al. 2022

Composites Communications

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Transdermal patches loaded with L-cysteine HCL as a strategy for protection from mobile phone emitting electromagnetic radiation hazards

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Specific Absorption Rate and Temperature Distributions in the Human Head with Implanted Deep Brain Stimulation Subjected to Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Radiation

Specific Absorption Rate and Temperature Distributions in the Human Head with Implanted Deep Brain Stimulation Subjected to Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Radiation

Perbandingan Gambaran Histologis Lapisan Piramidalis Area Ca1 Hipokampus Mus Musculus yang Dipapar Radiasi Gelombang Elektromagnetik Telepon Seluler 3G dan 4G

Novel ZnFe2O4@MnO2@MXene composites with ultrathin thickness and excellent electromagnetic absorption performance

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