Transdermal delivery of kojic acid from microemulgel

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop microemulgel for skin delivery of kojic acid. Microemulsions (ME) containing either oleic acid (OA) or caprylic/capric triglycerides as the basic oily components were developed after construction of pseudoternary phase diagrams. Tween 80 was used as surfactant for oleic acid system both in presence and absence of ethanol or propylene glycol (PG) as cosurfactants. For the caprylic/capric systems, Tween 85 was the surfactant in presence or absence of ethanol as cosurfactant. Selected ME formulations were tested for transdermal delivery of kojic acid both in fluid state and after transformation into gel. Incorporation of cosurfactants expanded the microemulsion zone. The cosurfactant free ME were more viscous. Incorporation of kojic acid in ME systems increased the transdermal flux compared to saturated aqueous solution. caprylic/capric ME were more efficient than (OA) based ME. Transformation of the tested ME systems into gel produced significant enhancement in transdermal drug delivery compared with the saturated aqueous drug solution. However, the data revealed superior efficacy for the fluid ME systems over the corresponding microemulgel. In conclusion, both (OA) and caprylic/capric ME were promising for dermal and transdermal delivery of kojic acid even after gel formation.

Whitening effect of kojic acid dipalmitate loaded nanosized ethosomal gel for the treatment of hyperpigmentation: In vitro and in vivo characterization

“…9 Structurally, it is 5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-4H-pyran-4-one obtained from rice fermentation. 10 Metabolite of KA binds with the active site of tyrosinase enzyme through copper chelation action and inhibits melanogenesis. 5 Although KA has many benefits but cytotoxicity, storage instability, and skin irritation confines use of kojic acid.…”

“…Kojic acid(KA) is one of the most effective tyrosinase inhibitor used as skin lightening agent in cosmetic formulations 9 . Structurally, it is 5‐hydroxy‐2‐hydroxymethyl‐4H‐pyran‐4‐one obtained from rice fermentation 10 . Metabolite of KA binds with the active site of tyrosinase enzyme through copper chelation action and inhibits melanogenesis 5 .…”

Analytical Approaches in Unveiling the Compatibility of Collagenase With Additives in View of Its Colloidal Delivery

“…These are remarkably found in treating varieties of fibro-proliferative disorders [3]. The nature of COLG enzyme and its restricted potential in penetrating stratum corneum limits itself in delivering into deeper skin strata which result in forfeiting its efficacy at the localized site of dermal/epidermal border [4].…”

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“…The aim of this study was to develop water in oil microemulsion based crème' gel [7][8][9][10] to present the individual as well as combined advantages like sustained release profile, increase penetration of the hydrophilic agents, impart photostability and reduce skin irritancy 3 . The study also focused on including smart excipients in formulation thus allowing reduction of drug concentration without affecting the therapeutics and also lowering the side effects.…”