Transcutaneous transmission of photobiomodulation light to the spinal canal of dog as measured from cadaver dogs using a multi-channel intra-spinal probe

Piao, Daqing; Sypniewski, Lara A.; Dugat, Danielle; Bailey, Christian; Burba, Daniel J.; Taboada, Luis De

doi:10.1007/s10103-019-02761-0

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Penetration depths of LILT have been reported on skin flaps [ 23 , 25 ], dog cadaver [ 26 ], living experimental animals [ 16 ], and humans [ 22 ]. Our report was the first study on penetration depth of 830 nm LILT with 200 mW and fluence of 4 J/cm 2 on living dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Penetration depth study of 830 nm low-intensity laser therapy on living dog tissue

et al. 2020

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Background and Aim: Recent studies have shown that low-intensity laser therapy (LILT) enhances chronic wound healing, reduces pain, reduces inflammation, and improves post-operative rehabilitation. However, clinical outcomes in the veterinary use of LILT vary between different experimental studies. This is explained by improper laser parameter settings and limits of its penetration depth. This study aimed to investigate the penetration depth of 830 nm LILT on living dog tissue in different operating modes. This entailed continuous wave (CW) versus pulse wave (PW) and with contact versus non-contact techniques of the laser probe at different tissue-laser probe distances. The results can be applied for use in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four dogs that had undergone abdominal surgery were included in this study. The laser parameters were set at 200 mW, fluence of 4 J/cm2 and the laser power output denoted as mean output power (MOP) was measured by a power meter. Results: The MOP of the 830 nm CW laser was significantly higher than the PW laser (p<0.05). The MOP of the contact technique was significantly greater than that of the non-contact technique in both CW and PW modes (p<0.05). The MOP through the skin tissue was between 16.09 and 18.60 mW (8.05-9.30%) for the contact technique and 8.73 and 19.36 mW (4.37-9.68%) for the non-contact technique. In the muscle-skin layer, the MOP was between 0.50 and 1.56 mW (0.25-0.78%) and the MOP was not detected using the non-contact technique with a 5 cm tissue-laser probe distance. Conclusion: Our study indicates that 830 nm LILT (with laser parameter setting at 200 mW, fluence of 4 J/cm2 for both contact and non-contact techniques, and tissue-laser probe distance up to 5 cm) was appropriate for treatments within 14 mm of depth. However, the use of 830 nm LILT for an application in which the target tissue is deeper than 14 mm may limit its positive effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This result is in line with a study on dog cadavers by Piao et al . [ 26 ]. It was done with irradiation of 980 nm laser, 3.14 W/cm 2 at T13 and reported a MOP at 0.04-0.23 mW/cm 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetration depth study of 830 nm low-intensity laser therapy on living dog tissue

et al. 2020

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“…Piao showed that there is a linear correlation between the irradiance of the light at the skin and that of the light measured at the spinal canal, and that on-contact surface irradiation results in higher transmission to the spinal canal in a large breed dog. 20,21 Consequently, the irradiance at the spinal canal of patients in the PTCL-B group was between 2.4 and 4.8 times greater than that of patients in the PTCL-A group-1.2 to 2.4 versus 0.5 W/cm 2 at the skin, respectively ( Table 2). This estimate neglects differences in tissue transmission losses due to the different wavelengths used by the protocols: 904 nm in PTCL-A versus 980 nm in PTCL-B, as well as possible differences in therapeutic efficacy due to their different absorptions 22,23 by cytochrome-c-oxidase.…”

Section: Photobiomodulation Parameters Light Transmission and Diffementioning

confidence: 98%

Retrospective Observational Study and Analysis of Two Different Photobiomodulation Therapy Protocols Combined with Rehabilitation Therapy as Therapeutic Interventions for Canine Degenerative Myelopathy

Miller¹,

Torraca²,

Taboada³

2020

Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery

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Objective: The objective of this retrospective review was to examine the impact that adding photobiomodulation therapy (PBMt) to rehabilitation therapy had on the pathology of degenerative myelopathy (DM) in canine patients. Background: Canine DM is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disease for which there exists a dearth of effective treatments, limiting clinicians to pursue symptom palliation. Methods: Clinical records of dogs referred for presumed DM to a specialty rehabilitation facility were screened for patients meeting study criteria. Qualifying patients were divided into two groups: Protocol A (PTCL-A) and Protocol B (PTCL-B) group, based on the PBMt protocol used. Data related to demographics, diagnostics, rehabilitation protocols, and progression of clinical signs were collected. Data were analyzed to determine differences in outcomes between the two treated groups and historical data expectations, as given by a previously published study. Results: The times between symptom onset and euthanasia of dogs in the PTCL-B group: 38.2-14.67 months (mean-SD), were significantly longer than those of dogs in the PTCL-A group: 11.09-2.68 months. Similarly, the times between symptom onset and nonambulatory paresis (NAP) or paralysis of dogs in the PTCL-B group: 31.76-12.53 months, were significantly longer than those of dogs in the PTCL-A group: 8.79-1.60 months. Further, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the times from symptom onset to NAP of dogs in the PTCL-B group were significantly longer than those of dogs in the PTCL-A group (Mantel-Cox Log Rank statistic = 20.434, p < 0.05) or the historical data group (Mantel-Cox Log Rank statistic = 16.334, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The data reviewed show significantly slower disease progression-longer survival times-for patients in the PTCL-B group than those in the PTCL-A group or published historical data. Further studies are warranted.

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“…In comparison, cadaver studies in mice and rats verified an effect. [28][29][30] Supplementary to regular physical rehabilitation, perseverance and support of the pet owner are essential parts of the management, as returning to normal neurological function can take a long time. This dog was ambulatory 3 weeks after surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible tetraplegia in a dog caused by a transoral penetrating stick injury

Buhmann¹,

Steinberg²,

Fischer³

et al. 2022

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 3‐year‐old, male German shepherd dog was referred because of acute tetraplegia following endoscopic removal of stick fragments from the oral cavity. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an extradural T2W‐ and T1W‐hypointense linear structure within the vertebral canal at the level from the C1 to mid‐C2 cervical vertebral body, causing pronounced dorsolateral spinal cord compression and spinal cord oedema extending to the caudal end of the C2 vertebra. A dorsal laminectomy was performed at the level of the C1–C2 vertebra. Three wooden fragments with lengths of up to 4 cm, which were located adjacent to the spinal cord, were removed from the vertebral canal. The dog was still tetraplegic after surgery. Postoperative care consisted of analgesics, antibiotics, bladder management, intensive neurorehabilitation and physical therapy. Recovery of ambulation was regained 3 weeks after surgery.

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Transcutaneous transmission of photobiomodulation light to the spinal canal of dog as measured from cadaver dogs using a multi-channel intra-spinal probe

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Penetration depth study of 830 nm low-intensity laser therapy on living dog tissue

Penetration depth study of 830 nm low-intensity laser therapy on living dog tissue

Retrospective Observational Study and Analysis of Two Different Photobiomodulation Therapy Protocols Combined with Rehabilitation Therapy as Therapeutic Interventions for Canine Degenerative Myelopathy

Reversible tetraplegia in a dog caused by a transoral penetrating stick injury

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