Transcripts Targeted by the MicroRNA-16 Family Cooperatively Regulate Cell Cycle Progression

Abstract

microRNAs (miRNAs) are abundant, ϳ21-nucleotide, noncoding regulatory RNAs. Each miRNA may regulate hundreds of mRNA targets, but the identities of these targets and the processes they regulate are poorly understood. Here we have explored the use of microarray profiling and functional screening to identify targets and biological processes triggered by the transfection of human cells with miRNAs. We demonstrate that a family of miRNAs sharing sequence identity with miRNA-16 (miR-16) negatively regulates cellular growth and cell cycle progression. miR-16-down-regulated transcripts were enriched with genes whose silencing by small interfering RNAs causes an accumulation of cells in G 0 /G 1 . Simultaneous silencing of these genes was more effective at blocking cell cycle progression than disruption of the individual genes. Thus, miR-16 coordinately regulates targets that may act in concert to control cell cycle progression.

MicroRNA-497 Suppresses Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

“…The previous data showed that miR-497 have been reported to cooperatively regulate a number of targets, including CDK6, CARD10 and CDC27 leading to regulation of cell proliferation in colon cancer cells (Linsley et al, 2007). We will validate the cell cycle effects induced by miR-497 to explain its mechanism as a tumor suppressor.…”

MicroRNA miR-124 regulates neurite outgrowth during neuronal differentiation

“…The control of cellular morphology during neuronal differentiation is complex and involves the coordinated function of many genes. It has been suggested that a single miRNA may repress multiple targets in the same pathway to modulate a complex biological process [86]. Recently, Kosik and coworkers showed that in cultured hippocampal neurons, miR-124 is preferentially localized in the neuronal somas rather than dendrites [87].…”

A bioinformatics-based update on microRNAs and their targets in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…Because the 3′UTRs of target genes are the mainly base-pairing region of miRNAs (Betel et al, 2008;Lewis et al, 2005;Linsley et al, 2007), the 3′UTRs, 5′UTRs and CDS of all unigenes of rainbow trout were first identified (see Materials and methods) and then screened for binding with the rainbow trout miRNAs respectively. Under the strict criteria described in Materials and methods section, a total of 2466 potential target genes were identified for the 196 miRNAs via searching against rainbow trout EST sequences with an average of 68.4 target genes per miRNA (Table 2).…”