Transcriptomics of Sugarcane Osmoprotectants Under Drought

Silva, Rlo; Neto, Jrc Ferreira; Pandolfi, Valesca; Chabregas, SM; Burnquist, WL; Benko-Iseppon, AM; Kido, EA

doi:10.5772/23726

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 125 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…Glycinebetaine (GB) is the most well-known quaternary ammonium compounds in higher plants, that induced and endogenously synthesized in the chloroplasts in response to various abiotic stress, such as drought (Silva et al, 2011), high salinity (Kern and Dyer, 2004), low temperature and oxidative stresses (Liu et al, 2011) in many crops and its concentration correlated with the level of tolerance. Under salinity stress conditions, the GB levels in soybean plants were increased by 31 and 68% during the vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively (Rezaei et al, 2012).…”

Section: Glycinebetaine (Gb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of osmoregulators on plant tolerance to water stress

2016

Sci. Agric

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CitationDawood MG. 2016. Influence of osmoregulators on plant tolerance to water stress, 13 (1), 42-58. Retrieved from www.pscipub.com (DOI: 10.15192/PSCP. SA.2016.13.1.4258) This article highlights on some recent researches, which studied the impact of osmoregulator compounds and their application on the plant in order to increase the plant tolerance to water stress. Water stress limits the growth, productivity and quality of agricultural crops in the world. Water Stress is not only due to the scarcity of water but also due other factors such as salinity, high temperatures and severe cold that make plants not able to absorb enough water from soil to grow well and this is called physiological drought that leads to a series of disorders in physiological and biochemical processes mainly due to lack of osmotic (internal water content of the plant deficiency), and the toxicity of salt ions. One way to overcome the negative impact of water stress on plants is the use of osmoregulators compounds formed by the plant when exposed to stress such as glycinebetaine, proline and trehalose. Osmoregulator compounds mainly regulate osmotic pressure within the plant to be able to absorb water and also have influential and effective roles on a lot of vital processes in the plant. they protect membranes of chloroplasts and thus increase the photosynthesis efficiency and have the ability to protect cell walls and membranes, which leads to stability and the organization of permeability and play an important role in scavenging the free radicals thus lead to mitigate the adverse impact of stress and improve growth, productivity and quality of plants. It can be concluded from this article that the best material used to increase plant tolerance to water stress is glycinebetaine where it can be obtained in large quantities and at low prices, making use it appropriately in economic terms as well as effective impact on increasing the tolerance of plants to water stress and reflected in increasing crop quantity and quality. Moreover, the use of proline has also an influential and effective role in increasing plant tolerance to water stress, but more expensive than glycinebetaine. Trehalose is an efficient protectant against water deficit conditions, and it is also effective in reducing oxidative stress but trehalose considered the most expensive, until now. We must intensify efforts to study and understand more of the physiological and biochemical changes played by these substances within the plant under stress conditions to improve plant productivity under water stress with modest economic cost.

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Section: Glycinebetaine (Gb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of osmoregulators on plant tolerance to water stress

2016

Sci. Agric

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“…Tanaman toleran kekeringan mampu mengendalikan fungsi stomata agar dapat memfiksasi karbon saat cekaman, memperbaiki efisiensi peng-gunaan air, atau cepat membuka apabila defisit air pulih. Selama kekeringan tanaman memiliki mekanisme untuk menahan atau beradaptasi terhadap cekaman tersebut melalui akumulasi senyawa osmoprotektan, yang berperan dalam mekanisme mitigasi dari pengaruh negatif kekeringan (Silva et al 2011). Dedemo et al (2013) menyampaikan penyebutan istilah larutan kompatibel.…”

Section: Yordanov Et Al (2003) Mengemukakanunclassified

“…Senyawa osmoprotektan berada dalam jumlah sedikit untuk mempertahankan sel dari kerusakan. Senyawa osmoprotektan jenisnya banyak diantaranya adalah asam amino seperti prolin dan hidroksiprolin, gula (mannitol, sorbitol, dan trehalosa), dan metabolit bermuatan seperti glisinbetain (Silva et al 2011;Dedemo et al 2013). Khan et al (2015) membedakan osmoprotektan menjadi tiga kelompok yaitu: 1) asam amino seperti prolin, 2) poliol atau gula, seperti trehalosa, mannitol, fruktan, dan 3) amina kuarter yaitu glisin betain dan polyamin.…”

Section: Yordanov Et Al (2003) Mengemukakanunclassified

Respon Fisiologis Tanaman Tebu Terhadap Kekeringan, Physiological Responses of Sugarcane Plant to Drought

Mastur¹

2017

Bul. Tan. Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri

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ABSTRAKProduksi tebu nasional sering terhambat oleh adanya masalah kekeringan. Tujuan dari penulisan tinjauan ini adalah untuk membahas hasil-hasil penelitian tentang respon fisiologi tanaman tebu terhadap kekeringan sebagai dasar bagi pengelolaannya baik secara genetik maupun teknologi budi daya. Melalui tinjauan ini diharapkan kegiatan perakitan varietas unggul toleran kekeringan dan teknologi budi daya untuk penurunan dampak kekeringan lebih efektif. Kekeringan menyebabkan perubahan aktivitas fisiologis penting dimulai dari penutupan stomata untuk menekan transpirasi, penurunan input karbondioksida, penurunan jumlah klorofil, dan pada akhirnya penurunan laju fotosintesis netto. Akar merespon kekeringan dengan mensintesis dan mengirimkan sinyal asam absisat (ABA) yang mengakibatkan penutupan stomata sehingga menurunkan transpirasi dan serapan CO2. Kekeringan menyebabkan penurunan kandungan klorofil a, b, dan nisbah klorofil a/b. Penurunan laju fotosintesis dan kegiatan fisiologis lain menurunkan pertumbuhan tanaman tebu, dan akhirnya produktivitas gula. Genotipe yang toleran kekeringan menunjukkan kemampuan untuk meminimalkan pengaruh buruk kekeringan. Tingkat kerugian dari kekeringan paling besar pada fase perpanjangan, karena fase kebutuhan air yang besar untuk meningkatkan bobot tebu, terutama untuk pemanjangan batang. Fase pemasakan membutuhkan air paling sedikit, namun sangat penting karena menentukan rendemen gula. Konsentrasi senyawa osmoprotektan, yang membantu mengatasi peningkatan potensial osmosis sel, pada genotipe tanaman toleran kekeringan meningkat tinggi pada kondisi kekeringan. Senyawa osmoprotektan dapat berupa kelompok asam amino, gula atau amonium kuarter, seperti prolin, trehalosa, dan glisin betain. Senyawa lain untuk ketahanan kekeringan adalah larutan kompatibel yang memiliki bobot molekul rendah, mudah larut dan non-toksik dalam sitosol. Pemahaman biosintesis dan fungsi senyawa tersebut merupakan dasar dari upaya pemanfaatannya untuk penelitian dan pengelolaan kekeringan terutama melalui pemuliaan bioteknologi, konvensional, maupun produksi senyawa osmoprotek-tan untuk aplikasi eksogen.Kata kunci: Saccharum officinarum, fotosintesis, kekeringan, osmoprotektan ABSTRACT National sugarcane production is often inhibited by drought problem. The objective of this review is to discuss research findings on physiological responses of sugarcane to drought as a base for genetic and cultivation management. Through this review drought tolerance breeding activities and cultivation technology for mitigation impact will be coped with more effectively. Drought influenceses important physiological activities from stomata closure to minimize transpiration, reducing carbon dioxide input, chlorophyll and nett photosynthesis. Plant roots respond to drought througout biosynthesis and send signal to abscisic acid (ABA) for closing stomata to reduce transpiration and CO2 absorption. Drought reduces chlorophyll a, b, and a/b ratio. Reducing photosynthesis rate and other physiological activities inhibit sugarcan...

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