Transcriptomic analysis unveils survival strategies of autotrophic Haematococcus pluvialis against high light stress

Hu, Chaoyang; Cui, Dandan; Sun, Xue; Shi, Jiannong; Song, Liangling; Li, Yahe; Xu, Nianjun

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734430

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…At the same time, plants might induce enzymes in response to excess ROS to protect their cells. It has been reported that microalgae can induce a variety of ROS scavenging enzymes due to oxidative stress [23]. Our data suggested that the genes associated with ROS-scavenging enzymes were induced in ES, MS, and LS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Physiological and Dual Transcriptional Analysis of Microalga Graesiella Emersonii–Amoeboaphelidium Protococcarum Pathosystem Uncovers Conserved Defense Response and Robust Pathogenicity

Ding

Wang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The oleaginous microalga Graesiella emersonii, a potential industrial strain for lipid production, is frequently infected by the endoparasite Amoeboaphelidium protococcarum. It is essential to investigate the microalgae–endoparasite interaction to prevent and control microalgal diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of microalgal host-pathogen interactions remain largely unknown. In this study, we applied physiological and simultaneous dual transcriptomic analysis to characterize the G. emersonii–A. protococcarum interaction for the first time. Results: Three infection stages were determined according to infection rate and physiological features. Dual RNA-seq results showed that the genes expression of G. emersonii and A. protococcarum were strongly dynamically regulated during the infection. For microalgal hosts, the expression of defense genes involved in the pattern recognition receptors, large heat shock proteins, and reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes (glutathione, ferritin, and catalase) were significantly upregulated during infection. However, some genes encoding resistance proteins (R proteins) with a leucine-rich repeat domain exhibited no significant changes during infection. Furthermore, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and endocytosis were strongly affected by A. protococcarum infection. For endoparasite A. protococcarum, genes for carbohydrate-active enzymes, pathogen-host interactions, and putative effectors were significantly upregulated during infection. Furthermore, the genes in cluster II were significantly enriched in pathways associated with the modulation of vacuole transport, including endocytosis, phagosome, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and SNARE interactions in vesicular transport pathways.Conclusions: Our data provide a new promising basis for complete understanding of the algal host defense strategies and parasite pathogenicity. This is beneficial for the screening of resistant microalgal strains and developing control strategies for microalgal diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Physiological and Dual Transcriptional Analysis of Microalga Graesiella Emersonii–Amoeboaphelidium Protococcarum Pathosystem Uncovers Conserved Defense Response and Robust Pathogenicity

Ding

Wang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…According to the results reported by Hu et al [23], ROS burst and photo-inhibition in H. pluvialis were observed at the beginning of high light stress. H. pluvialis underwent dramatic transcriptional changes to provide an adaptive mechanism against the high light stress, and over-produced astaxanthin through up-regulation of almost all the genes involved in MEP and astaxanthin biosynthesis pathway and down-regulation of those in the branch pathways.…”

Section: Transcript Expression Of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Genesmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…It was reported that high light is the direct factor for the changes in gene expression associated with many pathways in H. pluvialis, including photosynthesis-antenna proteins, carbon xation in photosynthetic organisms, carotenoid biosynthesis, fatty acid elongation and so on [21]. And metabolomic changes in H. pluvialis upon exposure to high light stress were observed, which demonstrated a metabolic adaptive mechanism against high light stress [23]. Studies had indicated that more genes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrate, energy and amino acids were expressed in H. pluvialis cells once they were exposed to SA induction, and the results also revealed that the stress response of SA induction on H. pluvialis was more relevant to cell growth/death of cellular processing and genetic translation information [15].…”

Section: Rna Sequencing Assembly and Annotation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, transcriptome research of microalgae has made progress in recent years [5,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. For example, transcriptome analysis has been used as a powerful tool to identify important genes and key pathways for the biosynthesis of important metabolites, including, but not limited to, astaxanthin, fatty acids and triacylglycerol in microalgae [5,[17][18][21][22][23]. The gene transcript and metabolic changes of H. pluvialis upon exposure to various stresses (including light intensity, temperature, salinity, hormone, iron and inorganic carbon) have also been discussed in previous studies [3-5, 15, 24-27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptome-based analysis of the effects of salicylic acid and high light on lipid and astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis

Huang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The unicellular alga Haematococcus pluvialis has achieved considerable interests for its capacity to accumulate large amounts of triacylglycerol and astaxanthin under various environmental stresses. To our knowledge, studies focusing on transcriptome research of H. pluvialis under exogenous hormones together with physical stresses are rare. In the present study, the change patterns at transcriptome level were analyzed to distinguish the multiple defensive systems of astaxanthin and fatty acid metabolism against exogenous salicylic acid and high light (SAHL) stresses. Results: Based on RNA-seq data, a total of 112,463 unigenes and 61,191 genes were annotated in six databases, including NR, KEGG, Swiss-Prot, PFAM, COG and GO. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in KEGG identified many transcripts that associated with the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites, photosynthesis, and immune system responses. Furthermore, 705 unigenes predicted as putative transcription factors (TFs) were identified, and the most abundant TFs families were likely to be associated with the biosynthesis of astaxanthin and fatty acid in H. pluvialis upon exposure to SAHL stresses. Additionally, majority of the fifteen key genes involved in astaxanthin and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways presented the same expression pattern, resulting in increased accumulation of astaxanthin and fatty acids in single celled H. pluvialis, in which astaxanthin content increased from 0.56±0.05 mg·L-1 at stage Control to 0.89±0.12 mg·L-1 at stage SAHL_48. And positive correlations were observed among these studied genes by Pearson Correlation (PC) analysis, indicating the coordination between astaxanthin and fatty acid biosynthesis. In addition, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis also demonstrated that this coordination might be at transcriptional level.Conclusion: The results in this study provided valuable information to illustrate the molecular mechanisms of coordinate relations between astaxanthin and fatty acid biosynthesis. And salicylic acid might play a role in self-protection processes of cells, helping adaption of H. pluvialis to high light stress.

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“…However, the effect of NaAC on the accumulation of astaxanthin is always integrated with the increase of biomass production (Göksan et al, 2010). Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the addition of NaAC under high light condition upregulated several pathways of basal and secondary metabolism, including carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, fatty acid elongation, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and carotenoid biosynthesis, resulting in enhanced astaxanthin accumulation (Hu et al, 2019). However, adding an excessively high concentration of NaAC (HS) has increased the damage to H. pluvialis cells in our pretest study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematococcus pluvialis Accumulated Lipid and Astaxanthin in a Moderate and Sustainable Way by the Self-Protection Mechanism of Salicylic Acid Under Sodium Acetate Stress

Song

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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To elucidate the mechanism underlying increased fatty acid and astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis, transcriptome analysis was performed to gain insights into the multiple defensive systems elicited by salicylic acid combined with sodium acetate (SAHS) stresses with a time course. Totally, 112,886 unigenes and 61,323 non-repeat genes were identified, and genes involved in carbon metabolism, primary and secondary metabolism, and immune system responses were identified. The results revealed that SA and NaAC provide both energy and precursors to improve cell growth of H. pluvialis and enhance carbon assimilation, astaxanthin, and fatty acids production in this microalga with an effective mechanism. Interestingly, SA was considered to play an important role in lowering transcriptional activity of the fatty acid and astaxanthin biosynthesis genes through self-protection metabolism in H. pluvialis, leading to its adaption to HS stress and finally avoiding massive cell death. Moreover, positive correlations between 15 key genes involved in astaxanthin and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were found, revealing cooperative relation between these pathways at the transcription level. These results not only enriched our knowledge of the astaxanthin accumulation mechanism in H. pluvialis but also provided a new view on increasing astaxanthin production in H. pluvialis by a moderate and sustainable way in the future.

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Transcriptomic analysis unveils survival strategies of autotrophic Haematococcus pluvialis against high light stress

Cited by 32 publications

References 66 publications

Physiological and Dual Transcriptional Analysis of Microalga Graesiella Emersonii–Amoeboaphelidium Protococcarum Pathosystem Uncovers Conserved Defense Response and Robust Pathogenicity

Physiological and Dual Transcriptional Analysis of Microalga Graesiella Emersonii–Amoeboaphelidium Protococcarum Pathosystem Uncovers Conserved Defense Response and Robust Pathogenicity

Transcriptome-based analysis of the effects of salicylic acid and high light on lipid and astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis

Haematococcus pluvialis Accumulated Lipid and Astaxanthin in a Moderate and Sustainable Way by the Self-Protection Mechanism of Salicylic Acid Under Sodium Acetate Stress

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