Transcriptomic Analysis to Unravel Potential Pathways and Genes Involved in Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) Resistance to Pestalotiopsis microspora

Chen, Yu; Zhang, Shijie; Zhao, Yuqiang; Mo, Zheng-Hai; Wu, Wei; Zhu, Cancan

doi:10.3390/ijms231911621

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…There are studies showing variations in host plant resistance to P. microspora among varieties or clones of several plant species (e.g. Hevea brasiliensis , Myrica rubra, Carya illinoinensis ) (Alchemi & Jamin, 2022 ; Chen et al., 2022 ; Ren et al., 2021 ). Therefore, the identification and selection of resistant and tolerant host species/varieties may contribute to the restriction of the growth and development of P. microspora…”

Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pest categorisation of Pestalotiopsis microspora

Bragard,

Baptista,

Chatzivassiliou

et al. 2023

EFS2

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Following an EFSA commodity risk assessment of bonsai plants (Pinus parviflora grafted on Pinus thunbergii) imported from China, the EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Pestalotiopsis microspora, a clearly defined plant pathogenic fungus of the family Pestalotiopsidaceae. The pathogen was reported on a wide range of monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous and gymnosperms, either cultivated or wild plant species, causing various symptoms such as leaf spot, leaf blight, scabby canker, fruit spot, pre-and post-harvest fruit rot and root rot. In addition, the fungus was reported as an endophyte on a wide range of asymptomatic plant species. This pest categorisation focuses on the hosts that are relevant for the EU and for which there is robust evidence that the pathogen was formally identified by a combination of morphology, pathogenicity and multilocus sequencing analyses. Pestalotiopsis microspora was reported in Africa, North, Central and South America, Asia and Oceania. In the EU, it was reported in the Netherlands. There is a key uncertainty on the geographical distribution of P. microspora worldwide and in the EU, because of the endophytic nature of the fungus, the lack of surveys, and because in the past, when molecular tools were not fully developed, the pathogen might have been misidentified as other Pestalotiopsis species or other members of the Pestalodiopsidaceae family based on morphology and pathogenicity tests. Pestalotiopsis microspora is not included in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072. Plants for planting, fresh fruits, bark and wood of host plants as well as soil and other growing media associated with plant debris are the main pathways for the entry of the pathogen into the EU. Host availability and climate suitability in parts of the EU are favourable for the establishment and spread of the pathogen. The introduction and spread of the pathogen into the EU are expected to have an economic and environmental impact where susceptible hosts are grown. Phytosanitary measures are available to prevent the introduction and spread of the pathogen into the EU. Unless the restricted distribution in the EU is disproven, Pestalotiopsis microspora satisfies all the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for this species to be regarded as potential Union quarantine pest.

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Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( 2022 ) Jiangsu Present, no details Chen et al. ( 2022 ) Jiangxi Present, no details Cui et al. ( 2015 ) Shanghai Present, no details Ma et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Pestalotiopsis microspora

Bragard,

Baptista,

Chatzivassiliou

et al. 2023

EFS2

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Allantoin improves salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis and rice through synergid activation of abscisic acid and brassinosteroid biosynthesis

Chowrasia,

Nishad,

Mahato

et al. 2023

Plant Mol Biol

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Transcriptome profile of pecan scab resistant and susceptible trees from a pecan provenance collection

Brungardt,

Alarcon,

Shiller

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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Pecan scab is a devastating disease that causes damage to pecan (Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch) fruit and leaves. The disease is caused by the fungus Venturia effusa (G. Winter) and the main management practice for controlling the disease is by application of fungicides at 2-to-3-week intervals throughout the growing season. Besides disease-related yield loss, application of fungicides can result in considerable cost and increases the likelihood of fungicide resistance developing in the pathogen. Resistant cultivars are available for pecan growers; although, in several cases resistance has been overcome as the pathogen adapts to infect resistant hosts. Despite the importance of host resistance in scab management, there is little information regarding the molecular basis of genetic resistance to pecan scab.The purpose of this study was to elucidate mechanisms of natural pecan scab resistance by analyzing transcripts that are differentially expressed in pecan leaf samples from scab resistant and susceptible trees. The leaf samples were collected from trees in a provenance collection orchard that represents the natural range of pecan in the US and Mexico. Trees in the orchard have been exposed to natural scab infections since planting in 1989, and scab ratings were collected over three seasons. Based on this data, ten susceptible trees and ten resistant trees were selected for analysis. RNA-seq data was collected and analyzed for diseased and non-diseased parts of susceptible trees as well as for resistant trees. A total of 313 genes were found to be differentially expressed when comparing resistant and susceptible trees without disease. For susceptible samples showing scab symptoms, 1,454 genes were identified as differentially expressed compared to non-diseased susceptible samples. Many genes involved in pathogen recognition, defense responses, and signal transduction were up-regulated in diseased samples of susceptible trees, whereas differentially expressed genes in pecan scab resistant samples were generally down-regulated compared to non-diseased susceptible samples.Our results provide the first account of candidate genes involved in resistance/susceptibility to pecan scab under natural conditions in a pecan orchard. This information can be used to aid pecan breeding programs and development of biotechnology-based approaches for generating pecan cultivars with more durable scab resistance.

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Transcriptomic Analysis to Unravel Potential Pathways and Genes Involved in Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) Resistance to Pestalotiopsis microspora

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

Pest categorisation of Pestalotiopsis microspora

Pest categorisation of Pestalotiopsis microspora

Allantoin improves salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis and rice through synergid activation of abscisic acid and brassinosteroid biosynthesis

Transcriptome profile of pecan scab resistant and susceptible trees from a pecan provenance collection

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