Transcriptome Response of Liver and Muscle in Heat-Stressed Laying Hens

Abstract

Exposure to high ambient temperature has detrimental effects on poultry welfare and production. Although changes in gene expression due to heat exposure have been well described for broiler chickens, knowledge of the effects of heat on laying hens is still relatively limited. In this study, we profiled the transcriptome for pectoralis major muscle (n = 24) and liver (n = 24), during a 4-week cyclic heating experiment performed on layers in the early phase of egg production. Both heat-control and time-based contrasts were analyzed to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Heat exposure induced different changes in gene expression for the two tissues, and we also observed changes in gene expression over time in the control animals suggesting that metabolic changes occurred during the transition from onset of lay to peak egg production. A total of 73 DEGs in liver were shared between the 3 h heat-control contrast, and the 4-week versus 3 h time contrast in the control group, suggesting a core set of genes that is responsible for maintenance of metabolic homeostasis regardless of the physiologic stressor (heat or commencing egg production). The identified DEGs improve our understanding of the layer’s response to stressors and may serve as targets for genetic selection in the future to improve resilience.

Gene expression networks and functionally enriched pathways involved in the response of domestic chicken to acute heat stress

“…In other words, the results indicate that in the presence of AHS the three-dimension structure of the proteins are adversely affected, or misfolded. In accordance with the present study, the results of the previous studies show that the HSPA5 gene is suppressed under AHS in the liver of commercial chicken breeds ( Schmidt et al, 2015 ; Wang et al, 2020 ; 2021 ). On the contrary, HSPA5 did not show differential expression under HS in the native chickens ( Sánchez et al, 2022 ).…”

“…CMPK2 and JMJD6 were two meta-genes that the second was a member of the green module and involved in the MF term “ribosome binding”. Both HSPA5 and ANKRD9 were identified as related key genes in the study by Wang et al (2021) . ANKRD9, which harbored three significant eSNPs, was a member of the turquoise module in the current study.…”

“…Previous studies have shown that some genes in liver tissue undergo significant expression modifications under HS as compared to the normal condition. For example, HSP70, HSP90 ( Radwan, 2020 ), HSP90B1, HSPA5 ( Sánchez et al, 2022 ), MX1, TLX1, HSPB9 ( Wang et al, 2020 ), HSP70, HSPA5 ( Wang et al, 2021 ), ANGPTL4 ( Lan et al, 2016 ) have been introduced as biomarkers for HS in chickens. These genes have not been identified from a sole, comprehensive research but from multiple similar studies, each of which had identified only one or, at most, a couple of the mentioned genes.…”

Gill Transcriptomic Responses to Toxin-producing Alga Prymnesium parvum in Rainbow Trout

“…These overlaps are important to investigate because they likely represent a core transcriptomic response characterizing the gill’s attempt to maintain homeostasis when responding to P. parvum , regardless of the algal dose and fish phenotype. A similar approach has been recently used to gain insights into the mechanisms of multifactorial gill disease in Atlantic salmon ( 53 ), adaptation of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes to desiccation ( 65 ) and resilience to heat stress in laying hens ( 66 ).…”

Methionine can subside hair follicle development prejudice of heat‐stressed rex rabbits

“…Global warming is making the world's livestock less hospitable 1 . Heat stress caused by rising temperature leads to changes in cells and key molecules, 2 moreover, it accelerates cell senescence 3 and causes adverse effects on the body. Rex rabbit is a famous fur rabbit, sweat gland is not developed, high‐temperature stress reduces the number of hair follicles and hair length and makes rex rabbit fur quality decline 4,5 …”