Transcriptome Modifications in the Porcine Intramuscular Adipocytes during Differentiation and Exogenous Stimulation with TNF-α and Serotonin

Abstract

Adipocytes are dynamic cells that have critical functions to maintain body energy homeostasis. Adipocyte physiology is affected by the adipogenic differentiation, cell program, as well as by the exogenous stimulation of biochemical factors, such as serotonin and TNF-α. In this work, we investigated the global transcriptome modifications when porcine intramuscular preadipocyte (PIP) was differentiated into porcine mature adipocyte (pMA). Moreover, we studied transcriptome changes in pMA after stimulation with serotonin or TNF-α by using a microarray approach. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of 270, 261, and 249 genes were modified after differentiation, or after serotonin and TNF-α stimulation, respectively. Expression changes in APP, HNF4A, ESR1, EGR1, SRC, HNF1A, FN1, ALB, STAT3, CBL, CEBPB, AR, FOS, CFTR, PAN2, PTPN6, VDR, PPARG, STAT5A and NCOA3 genes which are enriched in the ‘PPAR signaling’ and ‘insulin resistance’ pathways were found in adipocytes during the differentiation process. Dose-dependent serotonin stimulation resulted in a decreased fat accumulation in pMAs. Serotonin-induced differentially expressed genes in pMAs were found to be involved in the significant enrichment of ′GPCR ligand-binding′, ‘cell chemotaxis’, ‘blood coagulation and complement’, ‘metabolism of lipid and lipoproteins’, ‘regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARA’, and ‘lipid digestion, mobilization and transport’ pathways. TNF-α stimulation also resulted in transcriptome modifications linked with proinflammatory responses in the pMA of intramuscular origin. Our results provide a landscape of transcriptome modifications and their linked-biological pathways in response to adipogenesis, and exogenous stimulation of serotonin- and TNF-α to the pMA of intramuscular origin.

Genetic Parameters and Genome-Wide Association Studies of Quality Traits Characterised Using Imaging Technologies in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

“…Specifically, the serotonin 1E receptor gene ( htr1e ) has been linked with feed intake in rainbow trout ( Callet et al, 2018 ) and in rats ( Hayes and Covasa, 2006 ). A recent study in pigs reported that intramuscular adipocytes showed dose-dependent serotonin stimulation, which then resulted in decreased fat accumulation in mature adipocytes ( Tada et al, 2020 ). A GWAS in sheep linked a SNP close to htr1e with internal fat content ( Hernández-Montiel et al, 2020 ).…”

Copy Number Variations Contribute to Intramuscular Fat Content Differences By Affecting The Expression of PELP1 Alternative Splices in Pig

“…RPL11 has been revealed to play a role in fat storage [36]. SRC and STAT3 can respond to adipogenesis through the TNF-α pathway [37]. We inferred that PELP1 may in uence IMF by interacting with other proteins.…”

Evaluation of Fat Accumulation and Adipokine Production during the Long-Term Adipogenic Differentiation of Porcine Intramuscular Preadipocytes and Study of the Influence of Immunobiotics

“…Unlike the microorganism derived MAPMs which induce a rapid onset of proinflammatory reaction, DAMPs are endogenous molecules (e.g., free fatty acids, cholesterol, ceramides) derived from dead adipocytes, which can lead to a non-infectious chronic inflammation [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. In our previous study, we have demonstrated the MAMPs-mediated acute inflammatory responses in adipocytes using a short-term differentiation period (4 days) of PIP cells [ 17 , 26 , 30 ]. However, like other standard in vitro adipocytes models, our previous approaches have the limitation of not able to address the mechanisms of sustained inflammation because of the short period of adipocytes culture.…”

“…In vitro studies suggested that TNF-α affects glucose homeostasis and fat accumulation in adipocytes, as well as their differentiation (reviewed in ref [ 29 ]). We have also demonstrated that TNF-α stimulation significantly affect the biology of PIP cells during in vitro differentiation for a period of four days [ 17 , 30 ].…”