Transcriptome Comparison between Two Strains of Ustilago esculenta during the Mating

Wang, Shuqing; Gao, Lidan; Yin, Yumei; Zhang, Yafen; Tang, Jintian; Cui, Heng‐Lin; Li, Shiyu; Zhang, Zhongjin; Xiao-ping, YU; Ye, Zihong; Xia, Wei

doi:10.3390/jof9010032

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The deposition of calloses was observed at 5 days post inoculation, following the scavenging of ROS. These results suggested that ∆Ue943 strains were recognized by the defense system of Z. latifolia and induced pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity [8]. RNA sequencing analysis further showed that ∆Ue943 changed the expression of a wide range of genes related to hormone signal transduction, as well as cutin, suberin, and wax biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism (Table S5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In our previous study, time-resolved RNA-seq showed that Ue943 is strongly expressed after mating [8]. After preliminary screening and experimental demonstration, we determined that Ue943 is one of the virulence factors required for the development of fungi in plant tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In addition to gene knockout, homologous recombination was also used to produce strains overexpressing the Ue943 gene. As described before [8], the plasmid pUMa932 treated with Nco I restriction enzyme was connected with the fragment containing the promoter of the HSP70 gene and target gene fused or not fused with a green fluorescent protein (GFP). The resulting pUMa932 recombinant plasmid was linearized by the EcoRV restriction enzyme and transformed into the Ue943 deletion strain.…”

Section: Construction Of Deletion and Overexpression Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…esculenta obligately infects Zizania latifolia and induces tumor formation at the late stage of infection. The genome of U. esculenta encodes more than 289 proteins that have signal peptides but lack transmembrane structures, making them potential candidates for virulence effectors [8]. Many putative effector genes remain functionally uncharacterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Novel Effector Ue943 Is Essential for Host Plant Colonization by Ustilago esculenta

Wang

Xia

et al. 2023

JoF

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The smut fungus Ustilago esculenta obligately parasitizes Zizania latifolia and induces smut galls at the stem tips of host plants. Previous research identified a putative secreted protein, Ue943, which is required for the biotrophic phase of U. esculenta but not for the saprophytic phase. Here, we studied the role of Ue943 during the infection process. Conserved homologs of Ue943 were found in smut fungi. Ue943 can be secreted by U. esculenta and localized to the biotrophic interface between fungi and plants. It is required at the early stage of colonization. The Ue943 deletion mutant caused reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and callose deposition in the host plant at 1 and 5 days post inoculation, which led to failed colonization. The virulence deficiency was restored by overexpressing gene Ue943 or Ue943:GFP. Transcriptome analysis further showed a series of changes in plant hormones following ROS production when the host plant was exposed to ΔUe943. We hypothesize that Ue943 might be responsible for ROS suppression or avoidance of recognition by the plant immune system. The mechanism underlying Ue943 requires further study to provide more insights into the virulence of smut fungi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Construction Of Deletion and Overexpression Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Novel Effector Ue943 Is Essential for Host Plant Colonization by Ustilago esculenta

Wang

Xia

et al. 2023

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“…A few functions such as teliospore formation, germination, and the whole haploid life degenerate in MT-type U. esculenta . Recently, several studies have reported functional degeneration in the secretion of plant cell wall degrading enzymes and effectors, which are crucial for penetrating plant cuticles ( Wang et al, 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ). In contrast, MT-type maintains the functioning of karyogamy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diploid mycelia of Ustilago esculenta fails to maintain sustainable proliferation in host plant

Li¹,

Yang²,

Yao³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Smut fungi display a uniform life cycle including two phases: a saprophytic phase in vitro and a parasitic phase in host plants. Several apathogenic smut fungi are found, lacking suitable hosts in their habitat. Interestingly, MT-type Ustilago esculenta was found to maintain a parasitic life, lacking the saprophytic phase. Its long period of asexual proliferation in plant tissue results in severe defects in certain functions. In this study, the growth dynamics of U. esculenta in plant tissues were carefully observed. The mycelia of T- and MT-type U. esculenta exhibit rapid growth after karyogamy and aggregate between cells. While T-type U. esculenta successfully forms teliospores after aggregation, the aggregated mycelia of MT-type U. esculenta gradually disappeared after a short period of massive proliferation. It may be resulted by the lack of nutrition such as glucose and sucrose. After overwintering, infected Zizania latifolia plants no longer contained diploid mycelia resulting from karyogamy. This indicated that diploid mycelia failed to survive in plant tissues. It seems that diploid mycelium only serves to generate teliospores. Notably, MT-type U. esculenta keeps the normal function of karyogamy, though it is not necessary for its asexual life in plant tissue. Further investigations are required to uncover the underlying mechanism, which would improve our understanding of the life cycle of smut fungi and help the breeding of Z. latifolia.

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The Difference in Diversity between Endophytic Microorganisms in White and Grey Zizania latifolia

Li,

Hu,

Song

et al. 2023

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The Zizania latifolia is usually infected by the obligate parasitic fungus Ustilago esculenta to form an edible fleshy stem which is an aquatic vegetable called Jiaobai in China. The infection by the teliospore (T) strain of U. esculenta induces Z. latifolia forming gray fleshy stems, while the mycelia-teliospore (MT) strain of U. esculenta induces white fleshy stems which are more suitable for edibility than gray fleshy stems. The mechanism of this phenomenon is still largely unknown. One of the possible causes is the diversity of endophytic microbial communities between these two fleshy stems. Therefore, we utilized fungal ITS1 and bacterial 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing to investigate the diversity of endophytic microbial communities in the two different fleshy stems of Z. latifolia. The results revealed that the α diversity and richness of endophytic fungi in white Z. latifolia were significantly greater than in gray Z. latifolia. The dominant fungal genus in both fleshy stems was U. esculenta, which accounted for over 90% of the endophytic fungi. The community composition of endophytic fungi in gray and white Z. latifolia was different except for U. esculenta, and a negative correlation was observed between U. esculenta and other endophytic fungi. In addition, the dominant bacterial genus in gray Z. latifolia was Alcaligenaceae which is also negatively correlated with other bacterium communities. Additionally, the co-occurrence network of white Z. latifolia was found to have a stronger scale, connectivity, and complexity compared to that of gray Z. latifolia. And the detected beneficial bacteria and pathogens in the stems of Z. latifolia potentially compete for resources. Furthermore, the function of endophytic bacteria is more abundant than endophytic fungi in Z. latifolia. This research investigated the correlation between the development of Z. latifolia fleshy stems and endophytic microbial communities. Our findings indicate that the composition of endophytic microbial communities is closely related to the type of Z. latifolia fleshy stems. This research also suggests the potential utilization of specific microbial communities to enhance the growth and development of Z. latifolia, thereby contributing to the breeding of Z. latifolia.

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Transcriptome Comparison between Two Strains of Ustilago esculenta during the Mating

Cited by 3 publications

References 49 publications

The Novel Effector Ue943 Is Essential for Host Plant Colonization by Ustilago esculenta

The Novel Effector Ue943 Is Essential for Host Plant Colonization by Ustilago esculenta

Diploid mycelia of Ustilago esculenta fails to maintain sustainable proliferation in host plant

The Difference in Diversity between Endophytic Microorganisms in White and Grey Zizania latifolia

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