Transcriptome changes in reciprocal grafts involving watermelon and bottle gourd reveal molecular mechanisms involved in increase of the fruit size, rind toughness and soluble solids

García-Lozano, Marleny; Dutta, Sunil; Natarajan, Purushothaman; Tomason, Yan R.; López, Carlos M. Rodríguez; Katam, Ramesh; Levi, Amnon; Nimmakayala, Padma; Reddy, Umesh K.

doi:10.1007/s11103-019-00942-7

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Thus, a higher expression of the SCR gene in the plant roots is helpful for the radial organization of roots 43 . www.nature.com/scientificreports/ Bottle gourd has been widely used as a rootstock in controlling different types of biotic and abiotic plant stress [44][45][46][47] . Previous studies suggested that the SCL14 gene in Arabidopsis is essential for the activation of stressinducible promoters 48 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, overexpression of VaPAT1 and OsGRAS23 confers the abiotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis and rice 37,49 . In 2019, Garcia-Lozano et al compared the transcriptome of the bottle gourd grafted on the watermelon and vice-versa 44 . They reported more than 400 mobile RNA between the different heterografts and observed that the use of bottle gourd as rootstock increased the size and rind thickness of the watermelon fruits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bottle gourd has been widely used as a rootstock in controlling different types of biotic and abiotic plant stress 44 – 47 . Previous studies suggested that the SCL14 gene in Arabidopsis is essential for the activation of stress-inducible promoters 48 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-wide identification and analysis of GRAS transcription factors in the bottle gourd genome

Sidhu

Pruthi

Singh

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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GRAS genes belong to the plant-specific transcription factors (TF's) family that are known to be involved in plant growth and development. In this study, we have identified 37 genes from the bottle gourd genome that encodes for GRAS TF's. Except for the SCLA, we were able to identify at least one gene from each of the 17 subfamilies. Gene structure and chromosomal analysis showed that maximum seven genes are present on Chr7 followed by six genes on Chr1. The subcellular location analysis revealed that most of the genes were localized in the nucleus, except for a few in chloroplast and mitochondria. Additionally, we have identified one tandem gene duplication event on Chr7 and three major motifs that were present in all the GRAS genes. Furthermore, the protein-protein interaction prediction and gene expression analysis showed five candidate hub-genes interact with various other genes and thus probably control the expression of interacting partners in different plant tissues. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of GRAS transcription factors in bottle gourd genome which could be further extended to other vegetable crops. Transcription factors (TFs) are the class of proteins that control the functioning of various genes by binding with their promoters and thus involved in the gene regulation process 1. Previously, more than 320K TFs belonging to 58 transcription factor families have been reported from 165 different plant species. Out of these, GRAS represents one of the major families that are involved in plant growth, development, cell signaling, and stress tolerance 2. GRAS family was first reported in bacteria and characterized by the three TFs i.e. (i) GAI (gibberellicacid insensitive); (ii) RGA (repressor of GAI), and (iii) SCR (scarecrow) with the size range from 400 to 770 amino acids 3,4. It was observed that GAI and RGA are the part of DELLA proteins that take part in gibberellin (GA) and Jasmonate (JA) response as well as light signaling. Likewise, SCR and Short Root (SHR) played a key role in the radial organization of root by forming the SCR/SHR complex 5. Previously, it has also been reported that the C-terminal region of GRAS members is highly conserved, while the N-terminal is highly divergent that might provide the specificity to each protein 6. Furthermore, the evolutionary analysis suggested the phenomenon of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from bacteria to plants. GRAS gene family is further categorized into different subfamilies such as eight in Arabidopsis and rice 7 , while 8 to 13 in tomato, popular, castor beans, etc 8-10. Recently, Cenci et al. classified the GRAS family into 17 subfamilies such as DELLA, Lateral suppressor (LS), Hairy meristem (HAM), and SCR 11. Previous studies showed that it is one of the widely explored transcription factor family in the various plant species including tomato, potato, buckwheat, and sweet orange 12-14. Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), a member of the Cucurbitaceae family is commonly cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions an...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-wide identification and analysis of GRAS transcription factors in the bottle gourd genome

Sidhu

Pruthi

Singh

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Grafting has long been used to regulate plant growth and improve biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in the production of horticultural plants (Xu et al, 2018). Grafting has been studied for its striking effects on fruit quality (Bertucci et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2018;Garcia-Lozano et al, 2020), physiological responses (Ren et al, 2018), and photosynthesis (Xu et al, 2018). Furthermore, heterografting is a powerful tool for identifying horizontal DNA movement (Yu et al, 2017) and the long-distance transport of mRNAs (Banerjee et al, 2006;Ham et al, 2009;Xu et al, 2016;Huang et al, 2018), ncRNAs (Mok and Mok, 2001;Yoo et al, 2004; FIGURE 1 | Proposed model for the selective movement of mRNA and protein from companion cells to sieve elements in grafted cucurbits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is used extensively to ameliorate the biotic stress, such as that caused by fungi and viruses, of crops (Cohen et al, 2000(Cohen et al, , 2005(Cohen et al, , 2007Ioannou, 2001;Nisini et al, 2002), enhance abiotic stress tolerance to extreme temperatures and other environmental factors (Zhou et al, 2007). Grafting can also induce alterations in fruit traits, such as size (Garcia-Lozano et al, 2020), rind thickness (Fredes et al, 2017), and flesh firmness (Bertucci et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Long-Distance Signaling and Communication Between Rootstock and Scion in Grafted Vegetables

et al. 2020

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Grafting is widely used in fruit, vegetable, and flower propagation to improve biotic and abiotic stress resistance, yield, and quality. At present, the systemic changes caused by grafting, as well as the mechanisms and effects of long-distance signal transport between rootstock and scion have mainly been investigated in model plants (Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana). However, these aspects of grafting vary when different plant materials are grafted, so the study of model plants provides only a theoretical basis and reference for the related research of grafted vegetables. The dearth of knowledge about the transport of signaling molecules in grafted vegetables is inconsistent with the rapid development of large-scale vegetable production, highlighting the need to study the mechanisms regulating the rootstock-scion interaction and long-distance transport. The rapid development of molecular biotechnology and "omics" approaches will allow researchers to unravel the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in the rootstock-scion interaction in vegetables. We summarize recent progress in the study of the physiological aspects (e.g., hormones and nutrients) of the response in grafted vegetables and focus in particular on long-distance molecular signaling (e.g., RNA and proteins). This review provides a theoretical basis for studies of the rootstock-scion interaction in grafted vegetables, as well as provide guidance for rootstock breeding and selection to meet specific demands for efficient vegetable production.

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Grafting for managing vegetable crop pests

Thies

2021

Pest Management Science

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Nematode and disease resistant rootstocks have been developed for many vegetable crops including tomato, eggplant, melon, watermelon, and cucumber and are being utilized by an increasing number of growers. Grafting commercially desirable vegetable scions on nematode and disease resistant rootstocks has been significantly stimulated by the need for an alternative to banned soil fumigation with methyl bromide, which had been the primary method for managing soil‐borne nematodes, diseases, and weeds. Rootstocks resistant to root‐knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and diseases including Fusarium wilt, Fusarium crown and root rot, Verticillium wilt, bacterial wilt, Southern blight, and sudden wilt have been developed and many are available commercially. New technologies such as transcriptomics, identification of differentially expressed genes, transgene rootstocks, and RNAi silencing are being used in the development of vegetable rootstocks which are resistant to pests, salt tolerant, and heat and cold tolerant. Overall, grafting has proven to be a successful and environmentally safe method for managing root‐knot nematodes and soil‐borne diseases by reducing infection, disease development, and inoculum build‐up in the soil, which is especially important for growth of healthy subsequent crops. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Transcriptome changes in reciprocal grafts involving watermelon and bottle gourd reveal molecular mechanisms involved in increase of the fruit size, rind toughness and soluble solids

Cited by 32 publications

References 39 publications

Genome-wide identification and analysis of GRAS transcription factors in the bottle gourd genome

Genome-wide identification and analysis of GRAS transcription factors in the bottle gourd genome

Systemic Long-Distance Signaling and Communication Between Rootstock and Scion in Grafted Vegetables

Grafting for managing vegetable crop pests

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