Transcriptome and metabolome of synthetic Solanum autotetraploids reveal key genomic stress events following polyploidization

Abstract

SummaryPolyploids are generally classified as autopolyploids, derived from a single species, and allopolyploids, arising from interspecific hybridization. The former represent ideal materials with which to study the consequences of genome doubling and ascertain whether there are molecular and functional rules operating following polyploidization events.To investigate whether the effects of autopolyploidization are common to different species, or if species-specific or stochastic events are prevalent, we performed a comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic characterization of diploids and autotetraploids of Solanum commersonii and Solanum bulbocastanum.Autopolyploidization remodelled the transcriptome and the metabolome of both species. In S. commersonii, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were highly enriched in pericentromeric regions. Most changes were stochastic, suggesting a strong genotypic response. However, a set of robustly regulated transcripts and metabolites was also detected, including purine bases and nucleosides, which are likely to underlie a common response to polyploidization.We hypothesize that autopolyploidization results in nucleotide pool imbalance, which in turn triggers a genomic shock responsible for the stochastic events observed. The more extensive genomic stress and the higher number of stochastic events observed in S. commersonii with respect to S. bulbocastanum could be the result of the higher nucleoside depletion observed in this species.

Induction of Synthetic Polyploids and Assessment of Genomic Stability in Lippia alba

“…The synthetic polyploids showed the same profile observed for the natural polyploids (Viccini et al, 2014). The analysis of the metabolism of autopolyploid plants suggests that polyploidy may cause both qualitative and quantitative changes in the essential oil, due to changes in the mechanisms that regulate its biosynthesis (Fasano et al, 2016;Iannicelli et al, 2020). Vieira et al (2016) suggested that synthesis of citral, geraniol and other compounds prevailed in diploids, while non-oxygenated monoterpenes were the major ones in polyploids of Citrus limonia.…”

Diploid vs. tetraploid Centaurium erythraea Rafn: A comparative study of regenerative in vitro potential and biosynthetic capacity

“…As can be observed, there is a lack of linearity between the increase in genetic material (ploidy level) and the production rate of specialized metabolites in different medicinal and aromatic plants (Iannicelli et al, 2020). Changes in the metabolic profile of autopolyploids were interpreted as being the result of an alteration in the mechanism(s) regulating the biosynthesis of individual compounds (Fasano et al, 2016). Naturally occuring polyploids have been under pressures of the natural selection for a long period of time after polyploidization and therefore differences in metabolite concentration between diploid and polyploid genotypes may be due to selection.…”

Manipulation of β‐carotene levels in tomato fruits results in increased ABA content and extended shelf life

“…Nonpolar (carotenoids) and semi-polar (phenylpropanoid) analyses were carried out by liquid chromatography coupled to diodearray detector and atmospheric pressure chemical ionizationhigh-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-APCI-HRMS) or electrospray ionization (LC-DAD-ESI-HRMS), respectively, operating in positive and negative ion modes, as previously described (D'Esposito et al, 2017;Fasano et al, 2016;Su et al, 2015). Identification of carotenoids was performed as reported previously (Liu et al, 2014).…”