Transcriptome Analysis on Chinese Shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis during WSSV Acute Infection

Abstract

Previous studies have discovered a lot of immune-related genes responding to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in crustacean. However, little information is available in relation to underlying mechanisms of host responses during the WSSV acute infection stage in naturally infected shrimp. In this study, we employed next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic techniques to observe the transcriptome differences of the shrimp between latent infection stage and acute infection stage. A total of 64,188,426 Illumina reads, including 31,685,758 reads from the latent infection group and 32,502,668 reads from the acute infection group, were generated and assembled into 46,676 unigenes (mean length: 676 bp; range: 200–15,094 bp). Approximately 24,000 peptides were predicted and classified based on homology searches, gene ontology, clusters of orthologous groups of proteins, and biological pathway mapping. Among which, 805 differentially expressed genes were identified and categorized into 11 groups based on their possible function. Genes in the Toll and IMD pathways, the Ras-activated endocytosis process, the RNA interference pathway, anti-lipopolysaccharide factors and many other genes, were found to be activated in shrimp from latent infection stage to acute infection stage. The anti-bacterially proPO-activating cascade was firstly uncovered to be probably participated in antiviral process. These genes contain not only members playing function in host defense against WSSV, but also genes utilized by WSSV for its rapid proliferation. In addition, the transcriptome data provides detail information for identifying novel genes in absence of the genome database of shrimp.

Two White Spot Syndrome Virus MicroRNAs Target the Dorsal Gene To Promote Virus Infection in Marsupenaeus japonicus Shrimp

“…The Toll-Dorsal signaling pathway is necessary in the resistance of a host to virus infection (31)(32)(33)(34)(35). Toll receptors can trigger the Toll-Dorsal signaling pathway.…”

Suppression of Shrimp Melanization during White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection

“…For instance, in Litopenaeus vannamei and the crayfish Procambarus clarkii, the mRNA expression level of proPO genes was down-regulated after WSSV infection (26 -28). In Fenneropenaeus chinensis, it was found that FcPPAEIII, FcPPO1, and FcPPO2 were up-regulated, whereas FcPPAE1a and FcPPO3 were down-regulated in acute infections compared with that in latent infections (29). The change in these gene expression levels imply that the proPO system may play a role in response to WSSV infection.…”

A metabolic study in hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei response to white spot syndrome virus

“…Hepatopancrea was an important organ of shrimp metabolize. Some research had focused on genes, biochemical and physiological changes related to WSSV infection in shrimpand differentially expressed proteins in the hepatopancrea of shrimp (Yoganandhan 2003;Leu et al 2007Leu et al , 2013Li et al 2013) and upregulation and down-regulation proteins were identified. The above studies show that the host's metabolism will be affected after the WSSV virus invades, and this negative effect will lead to the shrimp's immune capacity decline or lead to death.…”