Transcriptome analysis of the murine forelimb and hindlimb autopod

Shou, Siming; Scott, Virginia; Reed, Cheryl; Hitzemann, Robert; Stadler, H. Scott

doi:10.1002/dvdy.20514

Cited by 40 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 97 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Nested Hox gene expression along with PD limb axis and embryonic GT axis have been reported in a pioneering study (Dolle et al, 1991). Moreover, the gene regulatory mechanisms of Hox gene expression in the limbs and other tissues including GT, suggest the presence of conserved gene regulation (Kondo et al, 1997;Shou et al, 2005;Scott et al, 2005). In addition, there have been reports of human malformations of the limbs and external genitalia associated with Hox gene mutations (Goff and Tabin, 1996;Mortlock and Innis, 1997).…”

Section: Reiterated Involvement Of Regulatory Genes For Appendage Devmentioning

confidence: 94%

Molecular genetic cascades for external genitalia formation: An emerging organogenesis program

Yamada

Suzuki

Haraguchi

et al. 2006

Developmental Dynamics

111

109

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Section: Reiterated Involvement Of Regulatory Genes For Appendage Devmentioning

confidence: 94%

Molecular genetic cascades for external genitalia formation: An emerging organogenesis program

Yamada

Suzuki

Haraguchi

et al. 2006

Developmental Dynamics

111

109

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“…Gapdh primers were previously described (Shou et al, 2005). All RT-PCR primer pairs were designed to flank an intronic sequence to distinguish any PCR products derived from genomic DNA contamination.…”

Section: Semiquantitative Rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

HOXA13 directly regulates EphA6 and EphA7 expression in the genital tubercle vascular endothelia

Shaut¹,

Saneyoshi²,

Morgan³

et al. 2007

Developmental Dynamics

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Hypospadias, a common defect affecting the growth and closure of the external genitalia, is often accompanied by gross enlargements of the genital tubercle (GT) vasculature. Because Hoxa13 homozygous mutant mice also exhibit hypospadias and GT vessel expansion, we examined whether genes playing a role in angiogenesis exhibit reduced expression in the GT. From this analysis, reductions in EphA6 and EphA7 were detected. Characterization of EphA6 and EphA7 expression in the GT confirmed colocalization with HOXA13 in the GT vascular endothelia. Analysis of the EphA6 and EphA7 promoter regions revealed a series of highly conserved cis-regulatory elements bound by HOXA13 with high affinity. GT chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed that HOXA13 binds these gene-regulatory elements in vivo. In vitro, HOXA13 activates gene expression through the EphA6 and EphA7 gene-regulatory elements. Together these findings indicate that HOXA13 directly regulates EphA6 and EphA7 in the developing GT and identifies the GT vascular endothelia as a novel site for HOXA13-dependent expression of EphA6 and EphA7. Developmental Dynamics 236:951-960, 2007.

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“…Accordingly, complex organisms tend to be composed of semiautonomous sets of phenotypic traits, modules, which evolve independently of each other (Cheverud 1996;Wagner 1996). By virtue of their serial homology (Shou et al 2005), hand and foot digits in primates should show modular properties such as increased phenotypic covariation (Tuttle and Rogers 1966;Hallgrimsson et al 2002;Le Minor and Rozak 2005;Young and Hallgrimsson 2005), making it reasonable to hypothesize that they coevolved in humans through a common genetic architecture that produced matching patterns of variation in the size and shape of homologous phalanges.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coevolution of Human Hands and Feet

Rolian¹,

Lieberman²,

Hallgrímsson³

2010

Evolution

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Human hands and feet have longer, more robust first digits, and shorter lateral digits compared to African apes. These similarities are often assumed to be independently evolved adaptations for manipulative activities and bipedalism, respectively. However, hands and feet are serially homologous structures that share virtually identical developmental blueprints, raising the possibility that digital proportions coevolved in human hands and feet because of underlying developmental linkages that increase phenotypic covariation between them. Here we show that phenotypic covariation between serially homologous fingers and toes in Homo and Pan is not only higher than expected, it also causes these digits to evolve along highly parallel trajectories under episodes of simulated directional selection, even when selection pressures push their means in divergent directions. Further, our estimates of the selection pressures required to produce human-like fingers and toes from an African ape-like ancestor indicate that selection on the toes was substantially stronger, and likely led to parallel phenotypic changes in the hands. Our data support the hypothesis that human hands and feet coevolved, and suggest that the evolution of long robust big toes and short lateral toes for bipedalism led to changes in hominin fingers that may have facilitated the emergence of stone tool technology.

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Transcriptome analysis of the murine forelimb and hindlimb autopod

Cited by 40 publications

References 97 publications

Molecular genetic cascades for external genitalia formation: An emerging organogenesis program

Molecular genetic cascades for external genitalia formation: An emerging organogenesis program

HOXA13 directly regulates EphA6 and EphA7 expression in the genital tubercle vascular endothelia

The Coevolution of Human Hands and Feet

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