Transcriptome analysis identifies key genes involved in the regulation of epidermal lupeol biosynthesis in Ricinus communis

Liu, Xiulin; Li, Rongjun; Lu, Wenying; Zhou, Zilin; Jiang, Xiaohan; Zhao, Huayan; Yang, Baiming; Lü, Shiyou

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.113100

Cited by 5 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In this type of reaction, 2,3-oxidosqualene is also cyclized into various triterpenoids by other OSCs, but LUS is only specific for lupeol production. Our previous work shows that there are in total 21 genes encoding the above-mentioned 11 enzymes in castor ( Ricinus communis L.) [ 6 ]. In epidermis and stele, these genes showed various expression patterns, some genes are epidermal-specific, and some are expressed in both sections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In epidermis and stele, these genes showed various expression patterns, some genes are epidermal-specific, and some are expressed in both sections. HMGR catalyzing is a rate-limiting step in the MVA pathway and is encoded by three genes in castor, among which only one, HMGR , is epidermal-specific [ 5 , 6 ]. LUS is specifically responsible for lupeol synthesis and is encoded by two genes in castor, both of which are highly expressed in the epidermis [ 4 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HMGR catalyzing is a rate-limiting step in the MVA pathway and is encoded by three genes in castor, among which only one, HMGR , is epidermal-specific [ 5 , 6 ]. LUS is specifically responsible for lupeol synthesis and is encoded by two genes in castor, both of which are highly expressed in the epidermis [ 4 , 6 , 7 ]. Besides, other genes involved in the MVA pathway, including HMGS , SQS, and one of SQEs , are also highly expressed in the epidermis [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LUS is specifically responsible for lupeol synthesis and is encoded by two genes in castor, both of which are highly expressed in the epidermis [ 4 , 6 , 7 ]. Besides, other genes involved in the MVA pathway, including HMGS , SQS, and one of SQEs , are also highly expressed in the epidermis [ 6 ]. These genes showing epidermis-specific expression patterns are supposed to be closely related to the lupeol biosynthesis pathway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These genes showing epidermis-specific expression patterns are supposed to be closely related to the lupeol biosynthesis pathway. Besides the MVA pathway, the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway might also provide substrates for synthesizing lupeol, although it only plays minor roles [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lupeol Accumulation Correlates with Auxin in the Epidermis of Castor

Pan

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Lupeol, a natural lupane-type pentacyclic triterpene, possesses various pharmacological properties, and its production attracts attention. Significant quantities of lupeol are deposited on the castor aerial organ surface and are easily extractable as a predominant wax constituent. Thus, castor might be considered as a potential bioreactor for the production of lupeol. The lupeol biosynthesis pathway is well known, but how it is regulated remains largely unknown. Among large numbers of castor cultivars, we targeted one accession line (337) with high levels of lupeol on its stem surface and low levels thereof on its hypocotyl surface, implicating that lupeol synthesis is differentially regulated in the two organs. To explore the underlying mechanisms, we did comparative transcriptome analysis of the first internode of 337 stem and the upper hypocotyl. Our results show that large amounts of auxin-related genes are differentially expressed in both parts, implying some possible interactions between auxin and lupeol production. We also found that several auxin-responsive cis-elements are present in promoter regions of HMGR and LUS genes encoding two key enzymes involved in lupeol production. Furthermore, auxin treatments apparently induced the expression levels of RcHMGR and RcLUS. Furthermore, we observed that auxin treatment significantly increased lupeol contents, whereas inhibiting auxin transport led to an opposite phenotype. Our study reveals some relationships between hormone activity and lupeol synthesis and might provide a promising way for improving lupeol yields in castor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lupeol Accumulation Correlates with Auxin in the Epidermis of Castor

Pan

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Natural lupeol level variation among castor accessions and the upregulation of lupeol synthesis in response to light

Zaman

et al. 2023

Industrial Crops and Products

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Opportunities and Challenges of Castor Bean (Ricinus communis L.) Genetic Improvement

et al. 2023

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Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) originated in East Africa and then diffused to warm-temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions of the world. The high lipid content in the castor beans is extracted for use in pharmaceutical and industrial applications. The castor oil lipid profile is naturally composed of 90% ricinoleic acid and the remaining 10% is mainly composed of linoleic, oleic, stearic, and linolenic fatty acids. The highly toxic compound ricin within the seeds is insoluble in oil, making castor oil free from this toxin and safe to use for industrial and cosmetic applications. Among the main uses of castor oil are reported industrial uses such as component for lubricants, paints, coatings, polymers, emulsifiers, cosmetics, and medicinal uses as a laxative. There is also significant commercial potential for utilization of the whole castor bean plant such as animal feed, fertilizer, biofuel, and also for phytoremediation. Several breeding programs have been planned to improve the castor’s characteristics needed for its current or potential uses. In this review, after summarizing data on castor bean agronomy and uses, we focus on the main advances in Castor bean classical and biotechnological breeding programs, underlining the high potential of this oil crop. In particular, the main challenges of castor breeding programs are to increase yield, mainly through the selection of growth habits allowing mechanized harvest, and beneficial compound content, mainly the oil, and to decrease the toxic compounds content, mainly ricin.

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Transcriptome analysis identifies key genes involved in the regulation of epidermal lupeol biosynthesis in Ricinus communis

Cited by 5 publications

References 46 publications

Lupeol Accumulation Correlates with Auxin in the Epidermis of Castor

Lupeol Accumulation Correlates with Auxin in the Epidermis of Castor

Natural lupeol level variation among castor accessions and the upregulation of lupeol synthesis in response to light

Opportunities and Challenges of Castor Bean (Ricinus communis L.) Genetic Improvement

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