Transcriptional Repression: Conserved and Evolved Features

Payankaulam, Sandhya; Li, Li Min; Arnosti, David N.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2010.06.037

Cited by 66 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Corepressor complexes do not interact directly with DNA but are brought to target gene promoters through interactions with sequence-specific DNA binding repressors (Payankaulam et al 2010). The yeast Cyc8-Tup1 complex was the first transcriptional corepressor to be defined (Keleher et al 1992;Cooper et al 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

Stabilization of the promoter nucleosomes in nucleosome-free regions by the yeast Cyc8–Tup1 corepressor

et al. 2012

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The yeast Cyc8 (also known as Ssn6)-Tup1 complex regulates gene expression through a variety of mechanisms, including positioning of nucleosomes over promoters of some target genes to limit accessibility to the transcription machinery. To further define the functions of Cyc8-Tup1 in gene regulation and chromatin remodeling, we performed genome-wide profiling of changes in nucleosome organization and gene expression that occur upon loss of CYC8 or TUP1 and observed extensive nucleosome alterations in both promoters and gene bodies of derepressed genes. Our improved nucleosome profiling and analysis approaches revealed low-occupancy promoter nucleosomes (P nucleosomes) at locations previously defined as nucleosome-free regions. In the absence of CYC8 or TUP1, this P nucleosome is frequently lost, whereas nucleosomes are gained at -1 and +1 positions, accompanying up-regulation of downstream genes. Our analysis of public ChIPseq data revealed that Cyc8 and Tup1 preferentially bind TATA-containing promoters, which are also enriched in genes derepressed upon loss of CYC8 or TUP1. These results suggest that stabilization of the P nucleosome on TATA-containing promoters may be a central feature of the repressive chromatin architecture created by the Cyc8-Tup1 corepressor, and that releasing the P nucleosome contributes to gene activation.

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Section: [Supplemental Materials Is Available For This Article]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of the promoter nucleosomes in nucleosome-free regions by the yeast Cyc8–Tup1 corepressor

et al. 2012

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“…It involves transcription factors (TFs) that bind to regulatory sequences and either activate or repress gene expression. For repression, eukaryotes have developed various strategies involving proteins known as corepressors (1). These proteins usually do not directly interact with DNA, but are addressed to regulatory sequences by sequence-specific TFs.…”

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Structure of the Arabidopsis TOPLESS corepressor provides insight into the evolution of transcriptional repression

Martín-Arevalillo

Nanao

Larrieu

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

100

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Transcriptional repression involves a class of proteins called corepressors that link transcription factors to chromatin remodeling complexes. In plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, the most prominent corepressor is TOPLESS (TPL), which plays a key role in hormone signaling and development. Here we present the crystallographic structure of the Arabidopsis TPL N-terminal region comprising the LisH and CTLH (C-terminal to LisH) domains and a newly identified third region, which corresponds to a CRA domain. Comparing the structure of TPL with the mammalian TBL1, which shares a similar domain structure and performs a parallel corepressor function, revealed that the plant TPLs have evolved a new tetramerization interface and unique and highly conserved surface for interaction with repressors. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we validated those surfaces in vitro and in vivo and showed that TPL tetramerization and repressor binding are interdependent. Our results illustrate how evolution used a common set of protein domains to create a diversity of corepressors, achieving similar properties with different molecular solutions.

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“…In animal systems, the role of transcriptional repression or context-specific switching between activation and repression has long been recognized as a key mechanism underpinning developmental regulation. 1 Recent studies in plants have also established the importance of this mode of transcriptional control during various developmental processes, with many plant proteins employing similar regulatory mechanisms to those observed in animal systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

Diverse roles of Groucho/Tup1 co-repressors in plant growth and development

Lee

Golz

2012

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Transcriptional regulation involves coordinated and often complex interactions between activators and repressors that together dictate the temporal and spatial activity of target genes. While the study of developmental regulation has often focused on positively acting transcription factors, it is becoming increasingly clear that transcriptional repression is a key regulatory mechanism underpinning many developmental processes in both plants and animals. In this review, we focus on the plant Groucho (Gro)/Tup1-like co-repressors and discuss their roles in establishing the apical-basal axis of the developing embryo, maintaining the stem cell population in the shoot apex and determining floral organ identity. As well as being developmental regulators, recent studies have shown that these co-repressors play a central role in regulating auxin and jasmonate signaling pathways and are also linked to the regulation of pectin structure in the seed coat. These latest findings point to the Gro/Tup1-like co-repressors playing a much broader role in plant growth and development than previously thought, an observation that underlines the central importance of transcriptional repression in plant gene regulation.

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Transcriptional Repression: Conserved and Evolved Features

Cited by 66 publications

References 93 publications

Stabilization of the promoter nucleosomes in nucleosome-free regions by the yeast Cyc8–Tup1 corepressor

Stabilization of the promoter nucleosomes in nucleosome-free regions by the yeast Cyc8–Tup1 corepressor

Structure of the Arabidopsis TOPLESS corepressor provides insight into the evolution of transcriptional repression

Diverse roles of Groucho/Tup1 co-repressors in plant growth and development

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