Transcriptional Regulation of Biomass-degrading Enzymes in the Filamentous Fungus Trichoderma reesei

Foreman, Pamela K.; Brown, Doug; Dankmeyer, Lydia; Dean, Ralph A.; Diener, Stephen; Dunn-Coleman, Nigel; Goedegebuur, Frits; Houfek, Thomas D.; England, George J.; Kelley, Aaron S.; Meerman, Hendrik J.; Mitchell, Thomas K.; Mitchinson, Colin; Olivares, Heather A.; Teunissen, P.J.M.; Yao, Jian; Ward, Michael P.

doi:10.1074/jbc.m304750200

Cited by 426 publications

(367 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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Section: Molecular Characterization Of Secretion Pathway Componentssupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Interestingly, it was also discovered that T. reesei pdi1 is regulated according to the available carbon source, being highly expressed in media where cellulase and hemicellulase genes are strongly induced. A similar result was also obtained with the help of cDNA arrays by Foreman et al (2003), who observed that pdi1 was induced by lactose and sophorose, while 12 other genes involved in folding, glycosylation and vesicle transport were induced only by sophorose.SAR1 is a small GTP-binding protein involved in budding of transport vesicles from the ER membrane (Nakań o & Muramatsu, 1989). The T. reesei sar1 gene was cloned by hybridization with the Aspergillus niger sarA gene (Veldhuisen et al, 1997).…”

supporting

confidence: 65%

“…M. Pakula and others, unpublished data). The majority of the secreted cellulases and hemicellulases predicted by the genome sequence (Martinez et al, 2008; http://genome.jgipsf.org/Trire2/Trire2.home.html) or previously characterized (Foreman et al, 2003, and references therein) have been identified in the proteome analyses of the cultures of T. reesei (Table 1, Fig. 1).…”

Section: Proteome Analysis Of Secreted Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The cargo and the transport system: secreted proteins and protein secretion in Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina)

2012

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Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina) is an efficient cell factory for protein production that is exploited by the enzyme industry. Yields of over 100 g secreted protein l "1 from industrial fermentations have been reported. In this review we discuss the spectrum of proteins secreted by T. reesei and the studies carried out on its protein secretion system. The major enzymes secreted by T. reesei under production conditions are those degrading plant polysaccharides, the most dominant ones being the major cellulases, as demonstrated by the 2D gel analysis of the secretome. According to genome analysis, T. reesei has fewer genes encoding enzymes involved in plant biomass degradation compared with other fungi with sequenced genomes. We also discuss other T. reesei secreted enzymes and proteins that have been studied, such as proteases, laccase, tyrosinase and hydrophobins. Investigation of the T. reesei secretion pathway has included molecular characterization of the pathway components functioning at different stages of the secretion process as well as analysis of the stress responses caused by impaired folding or trafficking in the pathway or by expression of heterologous proteins. Studies on the transcriptional regulation of the secretory pathway have revealed similarities, but also interesting differences, with other organisms, such as a different induction mechanism of the unfolded protein response and the repression of genes encoding secreted proteins under secretion stress conditions. IntroductionThe filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina) is used widely in the enzyme industry as a production organism (for reviews see Penttilä et al., 2004;Kubicek et al., 2009). It is primarily used for production of its native cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes, but also for production of heterologous proteins. In addition, T. reesei has served as an important model organism of fungal lignocellulose degradation. For example, most of the cellulase and hemicellulase enzymes were identified and characterized for the first time at genetic level in T. reesei (e.g. Shoemaker et al., 1983; Penttilä et al., 1986;Teeri et al., 1987), the molecular structures of these enzymes have been solved (e.g. Rouvinen et al., 1990;Divne et al., 1998) and the gene regulation mechanisms controlling the expression of these enzymes have been elucidated (Kubicek et al., 2009;Aro et al., 2005) from T. reesei. All the T. reesei strains used for research or protein production are derived from a single natural isolate. Extensive mutagenesis and screening programs have created a whole pedigree of strains with improved enzyme production properties. The genome of T. reesei was sequenced by the Joint Genome Institute (Martinez et al., 2008); the sequence is about 34 Mbp and it comprises about 9100 predicted gene models. Both the genome size and the gene number are smaller than that observed for other filamentous fungi. This is mostly explained by the fact that T. reesei has very little redundancy in its genome.During the last two dec...

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Section: Molecular Characterization Of Secretion Pathway Componentssupporting

confidence: 65%

supporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Proteome Analysis Of Secreted Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The cargo and the transport system: secreted proteins and protein secretion in Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina)

2012

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“…A portion of the data from two transcriptomics projects identifying T. reesei genes induced by sophorose 27 and cellulose 28 were mapped to the genome. Although not all of the clustered GH genes were coexpressed in the above studies, we found four examples in which adjacent or nearly adjacent genes were coexpressed (Fig.…”

Section: Protein Domains In T Reeseimentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequencing and analysis of the biomass-degrading fungus Trichoderma reesei (syn. Hypocrea jecorina)

et al. 2008

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“…The genomes of filamentous fungi have a large number of predicted glycosyl hydrolases (Ϸ200) with varying numbers of predicted cellulases, from 10 in H. jecorina (11) to 60 in Podospora anserina (20). A comparison between our results and a cDNA expression/Northern analysis of 8 endoglucanases and 7 GH3/␤-glucosidases in H. jecorina (21) showed complete overlap with our profiling data, with the exception of one ortholog of a ␤-glucosidase (cel3e ϭ NCU05577). However, a recent transcriptome/secretome study on the white rot basidiomycete fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium (22) showed little overlap.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Systems analysis of plant cell wall degradation by the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa

Tian

Beeson

Iavarone

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

286

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The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa is a model laboratory organism, but in nature is commonly found growing on dead plant material, particularly grasses. Using functional genomics resources available for N. crassa, which include a near-full genome deletion strain set and whole genome microarrays, we undertook a systemwide analysis of plant cell wall and cellulose degradation. We identified approximately 770 genes that showed expression differences when N. crassa was cultured on ground Miscanthus stems as a sole carbon source. An overlap set of 114 genes was identified from expression analysis of N. crassa grown on pure cellulose. Functional annotation of up-regulated genes showed enrichment for proteins predicted to be involved in plant cell wall degradation, but also many genes encoding proteins of unknown function. As a complement to expression data, the secretome associated with N. crassa growth on Miscanthus and cellulose was determined using a shotgun proteomics approach. Over 50 proteins were identified, including 10 of the 23 predicted N. crassa cellulases. Strains containing deletions in genes encoding 16 proteins detected in both the microarray and mass spectrometry experiments were analyzed for phenotypic changes during growth on crystalline cellulose and for cellulase activity. While growth of some of the deletion strains on cellulose was severely diminished, other deletion strains produced higher levels of extracellular proteins that showed increased cellulase activity. These results show that the powerful tools available in N. crassa allow for a comprehensive system level understanding of plant cell wall degradation mechanisms used by a ubiquitous filamentous fungus.cellulase ͉ secretome ͉ transcriptome

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Transcriptional Regulation of Biomass-degrading Enzymes in the Filamentous Fungus Trichoderma reesei

Cited by 426 publications

References 55 publications

The cargo and the transport system: secreted proteins and protein secretion in Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina)

The cargo and the transport system: secreted proteins and protein secretion in Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina)

Genome sequencing and analysis of the biomass-degrading fungus Trichoderma reesei (syn. Hypocrea jecorina)

Systems analysis of plant cell wall degradation by the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa

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