Transcriptional profiling of underground interaction of two contrasting sunflower cultivars with the root parasitic weed Orobanche cumana

Yang, Chong; Fu, Fei; Zhang, Na; Wang, Jiansu; Hu, Luyang; Islam, Faisal; Bai, Quanjiang; Yun, Xiaopeng; Zhou, Weijun

doi:10.1007/s11104-020-04495-3

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Data were transformed by log 2 (FPKM+1). For biotic stress, the transcriptomic data were from our previous work [ 33 ]. Genes with false discovery rate (FDR) less than 0.01 and fold change more than 2 were considered differentially expressed between infected and non-infected sunflower.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses

Islam

Huang

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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WRKY transcription factors play important roles in various physiological processes and stress responses in flowering plants. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is one of the important vegetable oil supplies in the world. However, the information about WRKY genes in sunflower is limited. In this study, ninety HaWRKY genes were identified and renamed according to their locations on chromosomes. Further phylogenetic analyses classified them into four main groups including a species-specific WKKY group. Besides, HaWRKY genes within the same group or subgroup generally showed similar exon-intron structures and motif compositions. The gene duplication analysis showed that five pairs of HaWRKY genes (HaWRKY8/9, HaWRKY53/54, HaWRKY65/66, HaWRKY66/67 and HaWRKY71/72) are tandem duplicated and four HaWRKY gene pairs (HaWRKY15/82, HaWRKY25/65, HaWRKY28/55 and HaWRKY50/53) are also identified as segmental duplication events, indicating that these duplication genes were contribute to the diversity and expansion of HaWRKY gene families. The dN/dS ratio of these duplicated gene pairs were also calculated to understand the evolutionary constraints. In addition, synteny analyses of sunflower WRKY genes provided deep insight to the evolution of HaWRKY genes. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses of HaWRKY genes displayed distinct expression patterns in different plant tissues, as well as under various abiotic and biotic stresses, which provide a foundation for further functional analyses of these genes. Those functional genes related to stress tolerance and quality improvement could be applied in marker assisted breeding of the crop.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses

Islam

Huang

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Aside from cell walls, Qiu and colleagues identified a cysteine protease and subtilases that echo recent publications on haustorial function of related parasite species (Rehker et al ., 2012; Ogawa et al ., 2020). Finally, Qiu and colleagues also identified proteins that have been reported to function as virulence factors, including PAR1, which was postulated to act as an effector in the parasite Orobanche cumana (Yang et al ., 2020), and a receptor‐like kinase similar to an effector from Striga gesnerioides (Su et al ., 2020). The overlap in genes previously indicated as important in haustorial function and those found to be associated with virulence in the current work suggests that there is a relatively constrained set of haustorial genes, with recurring themes among different parasitic lineages.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cracking open the witch's spell book: the witchweed genome provides clues to plant parasitism

Westwood

2022

New Phytologist

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Cracking open the witch's spell book: the witchweed genome provides clues to plant parasitism Striga hermonthica (purple witchweed; Fig. 1) is the most notorious parasitic weed in the world. It attacks staple food crops of maize, sorghum, millet and rice, primarily in sub-Saharan Africa, contributing to hunger in the region and directly impacting human lives with an immediacy that is not matched by most other parasitic weeds. Striga hermonthica lives up to the imagery evoked by its common name, casting a curse on the host crop, as well as the unfortunate farmers whose fields it infests. Despite decades of study and incremental progress in controlling this weed, witchweeds persist and have even expanded their ranges (Parker, 2012). Therefore, the paper by Qiu et al. (2022; pp. 622-638), in this issue of New Phytologist signals a potential turning point in Striga research. The paper presents a draft of the S. hermonthica genome that is a milestone in itself, providing insight into the makeup and evolution of this species. But it also takes the next step, leveraging the genome in combination with a population genetics analysis to identify several candidate genes for parasite virulence.

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“…Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, together with transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed genes in S. gesnerioides, was used to dissect the involvement of resistance cascades in cowpea that is being attacked by this parasite [115]. Transcriptome assembly to identify genes in Striga and Orobanche was used to investigate the involvement of virulence proteins on a genome-wide scale [120][121][122].…”

Section: Virulence Genes In Parasitic Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Virulence and Resistance Mechanisms on the Interactions between Parasitic Plants and Their Hosts

Wang

Yang

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Parasitic plants have a unique heterotrophic lifestyle based on the extraction of water and nutrients from host plants. Some parasitic plant species, particularly those of the family Orobanchaceae, attack crops and cause substantial yield losses. The breeding of resistant crop varieties is an inexpensive way to control parasitic weeds, but often does not provide a long-lasting solution because the parasites rapidly evolve to overcome resistance. Understanding mechanisms underlying naturally occurring parasitic plant resistance is of great interest and could help to develop methods to control parasitic plants. In this review, we describe the virulence mechanisms of parasitic plants and resistance mechanisms in their hosts, focusing on obligate root parasites of the genera Orobanche and Striga. We noticed that the resistance (R) genes in the host genome often encode proteins with nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat domains (NLR proteins), hence we proposed a mechanism by which host plants use NLR proteins to activate downstream resistance gene expression. We speculated how parasitic plants and their hosts co-evolved and discussed what drives the evolution of virulence effectors in parasitic plants by considering concepts from similar studies of plant–microbe interaction. Most previous studies have focused on the host rather than the parasite, so we also provided an updated summary of genomic resources for parasitic plants and parasitic genes for further research to test our hypotheses. Finally, we discussed new approaches such as CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing and RNAi silencing that can provide deeper insight into the intriguing life cycle of parasitic plants and could potentially contribute to the development of novel strategies for controlling parasitic weeds, thereby enhancing crop productivity and food security globally.

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Transcriptional profiling of underground interaction of two contrasting sunflower cultivars with the root parasitic weed Orobanche cumana

Cited by 16 publications

References 63 publications

Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses

Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses

Cracking open the witch's spell book: the witchweed genome provides clues to plant parasitism

The Effect of Virulence and Resistance Mechanisms on the Interactions between Parasitic Plants and Their Hosts

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