Transcriptional control of Arabidopsis seed development

Abstract

Main conclusion The entire process of embryo development is under the tight control of various transcription factors. Together with other proteins, they act in a combinatorial manner and control distinct events during embryo development. Abstract Seed development is a complex process that proceeds through sequences of events regulated by the interplay of various genes, prominent among them being the transcription factors (TFs). The members of WOX, HD-ZIP III, ARF, and CUC families have a preferential role in embryonic patterning. While WOX TFs are required for initiating body axis, HD-ZIP III TFs and CUCs establish bilateral symmetry and SAM. And ARF5 performs a major role during embryonic root, ground tissue, and vasculature development. TFs such as LEC1, ABI3, FUS3, and LEC2 (LAFL) are considered the master regulators of seed maturation. Furthermore, several new TFs involved in seed storage reserves and dormancy have been identified in the last few years. Their association with those master regulators has been established in the model plant Arabidopsis. Also, using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay coupled with transcriptomics, genome-wide target genes of these master regulators have recently been proposed. Many seed-specific genes, including those encoding oleosins and albumins, have appeared as the direct target of LAFL. Also, several other TFs act downstream of LAFL TFs and perform their function during maturation. In this review, the function of different TFs in different phases of early embryogenesis and maturation is discussed in detail, including information about their genetic and molecular interactors and target genes. Such knowledge can further be leveraged to understand and manipulate the regulatory mechanisms involved in seed development. In addition, the genomics approaches and their utilization to identify TFs aiming to study embryo development are discussed.

Ovule initiation: the essential step controlling offspring number in Arabidopsis

“…Finally, the embryo becomes metabolically quiescent and tolerant to desiccation (Baud et al, 2002). These processes are well summarized in previous reviews (Lafon-Placette and Köhler, 2014;Dresselhaus and Jürgens, 2021;Verma et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022).…”

Establishment of Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation and application of CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing system to Brassica rapa var. rapa

“…However, plant regeneration was unsuccessful for all landraces. Studies have reported improvements in the efficiency of plant regeneration from tissue culture by overexpression of plant development regulators, such as WUS and BBM [ 4 , 6 , 16 ] and GRF - GIF chimeras [ 2 , 15 , 17 ]. Recent studies indicate overexpression of TaWOX5 is an efficient way to help wheat overcomes genotype dependency and promote genetic transformation [ 9 ].…”

“…However, the breakthrough and improvement of both regeneration frequency and genome-editing efficiency is confined to overexpression of the specific plant development regulators which can reprogram somatic cells to embryogenic cell [ 4 , 6 , 16 ]. Based on the high regeneration efficiency of BrrWUSa overexpression, we transfer the target gene into the transgenic plants of BrrWUSa and to assess the genome-editing efficiency.…”

Transgressive and parental dominant gene expression and cytosine methylation during seed development inBrassica napushybrids

“…Differentially expressed miRNAs analysis in early and late seed development showed miRNA families normally involved in plant growth and development (Plotnikova et al, 2019; Dong et al, 2022; Verma et al, 2022). miR172 regulates not only the flowering time pathway, but also embryo development through controlling of AP2 ( APETALA 2 ) and AP2-like genes such as TOE2 as reported in previous studies (Boutilier et al, 2002; Shivaraj et al, 2018; Nowak et al, 2022).…”