Transcriptional and Proteomic Profiling of Aspergillus flavipes in Response to Sulfur Starvation

Abstract

Aspergillus flavipes has received considerable interest due to its potential to produce therapeutic enzymes involved in sulfur amino acid metabolism. In natural habitats, A. flavipes survives under sulfur limitations by mobilizing endogenous and exogenous sulfur to operate diverse cellular processes. Sulfur limitation affects virulence and pathogenicity, and modulates proteome of sulfur assimilating enzymes of several fungi. However, there are no previous reports aimed at exploring effects of sulfur limitation on the regulation of A. flavipes sulfur metabolism enzymes at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and proteomic levels. In this report, we show that sulfur limitation affects morphological and physiological responses of A. flavipes. Transcription and enzymatic activities of several key sulfur metabolism genes, ATP-sulfurylase, sulfite reductase, methionine permease, cysteine synthase, cystathionine β- and γ-lyase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase were increased under sulfur starvation conditions. A 50 kDa protein band was strongly induced by sulfur starvation, and the proteomic analyses of this protein band using LC-MS/MS revealed similarity to many proteins involved in the sulfur metabolism pathway.

Exploiting the Biosynthetic Potency of Taxol from Fungal Endophytes of Conifers Plants; Genome Mining and Metabolic Manipulation

“…So many natural compounds are reported to use as antibiotics, anticancer agents. Many endophytic fungi isolated from different medicinal plants are reported to be main source of many secondary metabolites and pharmaceutical compounds with biotechnological roles [ 3 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 32 , 34 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 78 , 79 , 97 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 ]. Fusarubin and anhydrofusarubin, isolated from the Cladosporium species an endophyte of Rauwolfia serpentina , displayed a promising antimicrobial and antitumor activities [ 105 ].…”

“…Fusarubin and anhydrofusarubin, isolated from the Cladosporium species an endophyte of Rauwolfia serpentina , displayed a promising antimicrobial and antitumor activities [ 105 ]. Therefore, endophytic fungi from the medicinal plants, could be a novel platform for commercial production of the bioactive metabolites, due to their feasibility of molecular and metabolic manipulation, short life span comparing to the plant hosts itself [ 13 , 33 , 78 , 97 , 99 ].…”

“…and Phomopsis from the same host plant “Taxus” [ 128 ]. Notably, all the endophytes producing taxol are naturally resistant to taxol which has been shown as a powerful fungicide to plethora of phytopathogenic fungi [ 25 , 28 , 34 , 54 , 57 , 64 , 99 , 103 ]. Taxomyces andreanae was the first isolated Taxol-producing endophyte from Taxus spp., raising the hope for production of taxol via fermentation process, because of its fast growth on simple cultural media, possibility for growing on bulk fermenters, resistance to shearing and feasibility for genetic manipulation [ 18 ].…”

“…As well as, these conserved genes of characterized pathways were labeled and used as probes in Southern hybridization experiments [ 154 ]. The primers deduced based on the highly conserved motifs of these signature genes, were used for PCR screening approaches [ 3 , 21 , 24 , 27 , 28 , 61 , 78 , 97 , 99 , 103 ].…”

Usage of pharmaceutical contraceptive drug for controlling Eobania vermiculata snails by baits technique

“…They have functional mechanisms versus starvation, desiccation and freezing ( Riddle and Miller, 1988 ; Burla and Gosteli, 1993 ). Land snails are deliberated as serious economic pests feeding on algae, lichens and grasses in addition to roots, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds of higher plants ( 2013 ; 2015 ; Lazaridou-Dimitriadou and Kattoulas, 1991 ; Speiser and Rowell-Rahier, 1993 ). The helicid chocolate-band Eobania vermiculata (Müller, 1774) snails are native to the Mediterranean region and have been found their way to invade many other countries ( Neubert, 1998 ).…”