Transcriptional analysis of orange-spotted grouper reacting to experimental grouper iridovirus infection

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of four isotypes of immunoglobulin light chain genes in orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides

“…The mechanisms by which a single bacterial pathogen induces differential changes in gene expression require more investigation. PIC, which is able to imitate viral infection on account of its double-strand RNA-like structure, induced OsgIgH in both the head-kidney and spleen at 5 dpi (Wu et al, 2012a). On the other hand, expression of all OsgIgLs was significantly reduced in the head-kidney (with various patterns observed in the spleen) for up to 3 dpi with PIC, but was significantly increased in the spleen at 5 dpi, similar to the effect observed for OsgIgH.…”

“…In our previous work, we found that treatment with LPS, a major component of the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria (acting as a bacterial mimic), induced OsgIgH in the head-kidney at 1 dpi only (Wu et al, 2012a). In addition, Vibrio alginolyticus, a bacterial pathogen that causes septicemia, induced OsgIgH expression in a time-dependent manner in the major lymphoid organs headkidney, spleen and thymus (Cui et al, 2010).…”

“…Elevation of antibodies against specific viruses increases the possibility of host survival (Workenhe et al, 2010). In orange-spotted grouper, OsgIgH was significantly induced in the spleen at 5 dpi with GIV (Wu et al, 2012a), a member of the Iridoviridae family that has been reported to cause high mortality in teleost; such mortality is a consequence of systemic necrosis in the renal hematopoietic tissue, spleen and liver (Whittington et al, 2010). In the current study, all OsgIgL types were increased by GIV in a time-dependent manner, beginning from the first day.…”

“…Upon emerging viral pathogen grouper iridovirus (GIV) infection, delayed OsgIgH gene induction was observed in spleen, and a transient reduction in expression was observed in head-kidney. However, a gradual increase in expression was observed in both organs after a boosting immunization with inactivated GIV vaccine (Wu et al, 2012a). In the current study, we identified and characterized orange-spotted grouper IgLs.…”

Ranavirus Host Immunity and Immune Evasion

“…For example, Japanese fl ounder Mx is capable of inhibiting the replication of two species of rhabdovirus, but is incapable of inhibiting replication of Red seabream iridovirus (RSIV, genus Megalocytivirus ; family Iridoviridae ) (Caipang et al 2003 ). Similarly, Barramundi Mx inhibits replication of the nodavirus viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV) and of Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) but fails to show antiviral effects against Taiwan grouper iridovirus (TGIV) (Wu et al 2012 ;Wu and Chi 2007 ). Likewise, Senegalese sole Mx confers antiviral effects against the IPNV and Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV, family Rhabdoviridae ), but not against the ranavirus European sheatfi sh virus (ESV) (Alvarez-Torres et al 2013 ).…”