Transcriptional activation by heterodimers of the achaete-scute and daughterless gene products of Drosophila.

Cabrera, Carlos; Alonso, María C.

doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07847.x

Cited by 234 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…da genetically interacts with ato da is a known positive regulator of the AS-C genes and encodes a bHLH protein (Caudy et al 1988). The 'active' heterodimers between Da and AS-C proteins have been shown to promote the development of mechanosensory bristles (Cabrera & Alonso 1991). Da is known to form in vitro complexes with Ato which are capable of binding to the E-boxes of DNA (Jarman 1993).…”

Section: Ato Expresses In the Developing Antennal Discmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A failure in this process results in the specification of multiple SOPs and hence ectopic sense organs. Genetic and molecular studies have shown that the AS-C gene products are positively regulated by daughterless (da) (Cabrera & Alonso 1991) and negatively by extramacrochaetae (emc) (Ellis et al 1990;Garrell & Modolell 1990) and hairy (h) (Ohsako et al 1994;Van Doren et al 1994). In the case of mechanosensory bristles, once selected, an SOP undergoes two rounds of cell division to give rise to four cells which in turn differentiate to form one neuron and three support cells, the trichogen (shaft), the tormogen (socket) and the thecogen (sheath) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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***atonal* is a proneural gene for a subset of olfactory sense organs in *Drosophila***

1997

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Background: The antenna of the adult fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is covered with three morphologically distinct types of olfactory sense organs. In addition, mechano-and hygro-sensitive receptors are also present on its surface. While much has been learnt about the development of peripheral nervous system in Drosophila, the mechanisms underlying the development of olfactory sensilla are just beginning to be unraveled. The antennal sense organs have several properties that make them distinct from other sense organs. While each sensillum type is arranged in a well-defined region of the antenna, the position of an individual sensillum is not fixed. The development of these sense organs appears to combine an initial step of cell recruitment, as in photoreceptors, followed by cell lineage mechanisms, as in the development of other external sense organs. The earliest step in development, the selection of a sensory organ precursor, involves the interaction of proneural and neurogenic genes. The proneural gene for the antennal sense organs has been elusive so far.

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Section: Ato Expresses In the Developing Antennal Discmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

***atonal* is a proneural gene for a subset of olfactory sense organs in *Drosophila***

1997

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“…Their expression determines the position, timing and extent of neural stem cell selection as well as the identity of the neural cells in each lineage. These proteins, which are known as proneural proteins, promote NPC formation by forming heterodimers with a widely expressed bHLH protein, called Daughterless (DA) in Drosophila (Cabrera and Alonso, 1991), and E12/E47 in vertebrates (Murre et al, 1989). The proneural-DA heterodimer regulates transcription of target genes by binding, via some of the residues in the two basic domains, to a DNA motif called the E-box.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of neural precursor selection: functional divergence of proneural proteins

et al. 2004

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How conserved pathways are differentially regulated to produce diverse outcomes is a fundamental question of developmental and evolutionary biology. The conserved process of neural precursor cell (NPC) selection by basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proneural transcription factors in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) by atonal related proteins (ARPs) presents an excellent model in which to address this issue. Proneural ARPs belong to two highly related groups: the ATONAL (ATO) group and the NEUROGENIN (NGN) group. We used a cross-species approach to demonstrate that the genetic and molecular mechanisms by which ATO proteins and NGN proteins select NPCs are different. Specifically, ATO group genes efficiently induce neurogenesis in Drosophila but very weakly in Xenopus, while the reverse is true for NGN group proteins. This divergence in proneural activity is encoded by three residues in the basic domain of ATO proteins. In NGN proteins,proneural capacity is encoded by the equivalent three residues in the basic domain and a novel motif in the second Helix (H2) domain. Differential interactions with different types of zinc (Zn)-finger proteins mediate the divergence of ATO and NGN activities: Senseless is required for ATO group activity, whereas MyT1 is required for NGN group function. These data suggest an evolutionary divergence in the mechanisms of NPC selection between protostomes and deuterostomes.

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“…The Ac and Sc proteins share 70% identity in their bHLH domains (3), and form heterodimers with the ubiquitously expressed bHLH protein Daughterless (Da) to activate transcription of downstream target genes (13,14). One target gene of Ac and Sc, asense (ase), also encodes a bHLH protein that is specifically expressed in SOPs and involved in SOP differentiation (15-17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

phyllopod is a target gene of proneural proteins in Drosophila external sensory organ development

Huang

Tang

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Proneural basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins initiate neurogenesis in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The Drosophila Achaete (Ac) and Scute (Sc) proteins are among the first identified members of the large bHLH proneural protein family. phyllopod (phyl), encoding an ubiquitin ligase adaptor, is required for ac-and sc-dependent external sensory (ES) organ development. Expression of phyl is directly activated by Ac and Sc. Forced expression of phyl rescues ES organ formation in ac and sc double mutants. phyl and senseless, encoding a Zn-finger transcriptional factor, depend on each other in ES organ development. Our results provide the first example that bHLH proneural proteins promote neurogenesis through regulation of protein degradation.E3 ligase ͉ senseless ͉ basic helix-loop-helix ͉ neurogenesis T he basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proneural proteins promote neurogenesis from flies to mammals (for reviews, see refs. 1 and 2). In Drosophila, the proneural proteins Achaete (Ac), Scute (Sc), Atonal (Ato), and Amos are bHLH transcriptional factors that are essential for the generation of neural precursors in the central and peripheral nervous systems (3-5). In mammals, the bHLH proteins Mash1, homolog of Ac and Sc, and Neurogenins, homologs of Ato and Amos, are essential for the initiation of neurogenesis (6, 7). Proneural genes are expressed in small clusters of cells, called proneural clusters, and they endow cells the potential to adopt neural fate, such as sensory organ precursors (SOPs) in the Drosophila peripheral nervous system. However, lateral inhibition mediated by the ligand Delta and the receptor Notch restricts the expression of proneural genes to only one or a few cells that differentiate into neural precursors, and prevents neighboring cells of the selected neural precursors from adapting the same fate (8).The Drosophila proneural genes ac and sc function redundantly in the formation of external sensory (ES) organs; in ac and sc double mutants, formation of ES organs is disrupted, and misexpression of either ac or sc induces ectopic ES organs (9-12). The Ac and Sc proteins share 70% identity in their bHLH domains (3), and form heterodimers with the ubiquitously expressed bHLH protein Daughterless (Da) to activate transcription of downstream target genes (13,14). One target gene of Ac and Sc, asense (ase), also encodes a bHLH protein that is specifically expressed in SOPs and involved in SOP differentiation (15-17). Likewise, NeuroD, the mammalian homolog of Ase, also plays an important role in neuronal differentiation (18). In addition to the bHLH genes, a number of Ac and Sc target genes have been identified. For example, senseless (sens) is expressed in SOPs and is required to maintain high levels of proneural proteins in SOPs (19,20). Genes involved in lateral inhibition to select SOPs are also targets for Ac and Sc, including scabrous (sca), Delta (Dl), and those in the Enhancer of split [E(spl)] and Bearded (Brd) complexes (21,22). However, target genes essential for SOP differentiation ...

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Transcriptional activation by heterodimers of the achaete-scute and daughterless gene products of Drosophila.

Cited by 234 publications

References 72 publications

***atonal* is a proneural gene for a subset of olfactory sense organs in *Drosophila***

***atonal* is a proneural gene for a subset of olfactory sense organs in *Drosophila***

Evolution of neural precursor selection: functional divergence of proneural proteins

phyllopod is a target gene of proneural proteins in Drosophila external sensory organ development

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Transcriptional activation by heterodimers of the achaete-scute and daughterless gene products of Drosophila.

Cited by 234 publications

References 72 publications

atonal is a proneural gene for a subset of olfactory sense organs in Drosophila

atonal is a proneural gene for a subset of olfactory sense organs in Drosophila

Evolution of neural precursor selection: functional divergence of proneural proteins

phyllopod is a target gene of proneural proteins in Drosophila external sensory organ development

Contact Info

Product

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***atonal* is a proneural gene for a subset of olfactory sense organs in *Drosophila***

***atonal* is a proneural gene for a subset of olfactory sense organs in *Drosophila***