Transcription study of the genes encoded in the region of the junction between the large single copy and the inverted repeat A of spinach chloroplast DNA

Thomas, Frank J.; Zeng, Guo-Qing; Mache, Régis; Briat, Jean‐François

doi:10.1007/bf00014950

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Nuclear and mitochondrial probes were from maize. The following DNA fragments were used as probes: the 750 bp XbaI-PstI intragenic fragment of the psbA gene (26); the 550 bp SaIl-EcoRV fragment containing the rpsl9 gene (27); the 1200 bp EcoRI-PstI intragenic fragment of the rbcL gene (30); the 1200 bp EcoRI-BamHI intragenic fragment of the rrn 16S gene (1); the 1200 bp EcoRI-HindIII intragenic fragment of the atp6 gene (8); the 2200 bp XbaI fragment containing the atp9 gene (9); the intragenic 680 bp HindIII-EcoRI fragment of the cob gene(6); the 1000 bp EcoRI intragenic fragment ofthe rbcS gene. Labeling ofinserts was done by the random hexamer priming method to a specific activity ranging from 1 to 5 x 109 cpm/,ug.…”

Section: Chloroplast Dna Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Chloroplast and Mitochondrial Genes during Microsporogenesis in Maize

Monéger

Mandaron²,

Niogret³

et al. 1992

Plant Physiol.

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Mitochondrial and plastid gene expression has been examined during maize (Zea mays) microsporogenesis. Accumulation of transcripts was found for three mitochondrial genes studied (cob, atp6, and atp9) at the mid-term of pollen development. In contrast, these mitochondrial transcripts were undetectable in mature pollen. Southern and DNA gel blot experiments showed that the copy number of mitochondrial genes was amplified in microspores at stages preceding the accumulation of these transcripts. Plastid transcripts of the photosynthetic psbA and rbcL genes could not be detected after the two mitoses, whereas precursors of the 16S rRNA are detected at low levels.Cytoplasmic maternal inheritance and CMS2 are two biological traits showing the importance of organelles during microsporogenesis. In the case of maize, genetic and cytological evidence has been given for the lack of paternal inheritance of plastid and mitochondrial DNA (2, 4, and references therein). Different authors have tried to explain the mechanisms implied in maternal inheritance (5) and different hypotheses have been brought forward. One of these hypotheses suggests (7) destruction of the paternal plastid genome during microsporogenesis in barley to account for maternal inheritance. Knowledge about the persistence and integrity of organelle DNA during pollen formation would therefore help to evaluate this hypothesis. Recently, pollen DNA from Medicago sativa or Antirrhinum majus, known to transmit organelle genes biparentally and maternally, respectively, was probed with a plastid-specific DNA fragment (5). It was shown that the presence or absence of plastid DNA correlated with the type of inheritance. It would be interesting to know whether this result might be generalized and valid in other plant species.In the case of CMS, blocks occur in critical steps in the development of the male flower. CMS has been extensively studied in maize and it is now accepted that the CMS phenotype is correlated with recombination events in the mito-

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Section: Chloroplast Dna Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Chloroplast and Mitochondrial Genes during Microsporogenesis in Maize

Monéger

Mandaron²,

Niogret³

et al. 1992

Plant Physiol.

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“…Zurawski et al (746) found that the first 48 codons of rpsl9 in spinach were in the inverted repeat, with 44 codons homologous to the 3' end of the E. coli gene being present only on one side of the large single-copy region. Thomas et al (635,636) showed that this complete copy of the gene was expressed, whereas the rpsl9' sequences beginning in the other side of the inverted repeat and extending for 66 codons into the adjoining unique sequence region (745) were not transcribed. The rpsl9 gene also straddles the boundary of the inverted repeat in Spirodela oligorhiza (494) and in mustard (454).…”

Section: Proteins Of the Small Subunitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast ribosomes and protein synthesis.

Harris¹,

Boynton²,

Gillham³

1994

Microbiological Reviews

103

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ORIGIN OF CHLOROPLASTS Chloroplasts and mitochondria contain protein synthesizingsystems more similar to those of bacteria than to those of the eukaryotic cytoplasm, consistent with the hypothesis that these organelles had xenogenous (endosymbiotic) rather than autogenous (intracellular differentiation) origins (see. references 5, 205, 220-223, 274, 633, and 694 for discussions). Phylogenies based mostly on rRNA sequences indicate that the cyanobacteria are ancestral to chloroplasts while the members of the alpha subdivision of the purple sulfur bacteria are the likely progenitors of mitochondria (221, 222). Whether the, chlorophyte algae and land plants on the one hand, and the rhodophyte, chromophyte, and euglenoid algae on the other represent more than one endosymbiotic event remains unresolved (130, 403, 434). Comparisons of gene order and arrangement

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“…Based on its length and the fact that it did not hybridize to probe KH ( Figure 3), it appears that the 1.7 kb RNA covers both of the psbA and trnH genes. A corresponding, bicistronic transcript has not readily been detected in other species, although the psbA and trnH genes have been previously assumed to be co-transcribed (Gruissem and Zurawski, 1985;Thomas et a/., 1988).…”

Section: Pinus Sylvestrismentioning

confidence: 99%

A functional promoter shift of a chloroplast gene: a transcriptional fusion between a novel psbA gene copy and the trnK(UUU) gene in Pinus contorta

Lidholm¹,

Gustafsson²

1992

Plant J

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A comparative transcription analysis of the chloroplast trnK-psbA-trnH region of the two pine species Pinus contorta and Pinus sylvestris is reported. The chloroplast genome of P. contorta has previously been shown to contain a duplicated psbA gene copy integrated closely upstream of the split trnK gene. This rearrangement has resulted in the gene order psbAl-trnK-psbAll-trnH, where psbAll is the ancestral psbA gene copy. In P. sylvestris, a species which lacks the psbA duplication, transcription of the trnK gene originates from a position 291 bp upstream of the trnK 5' exon, adjacent to a canonical promoter structure. In P. contorta, the corresponding promoter structure has been separated from the trnK gene by the insertion of psbAl, and has, in addition, been partially deleted. Analysis of the transcriptional organization of the trnK-psbA-trnH region of the two pine species revealed that the trnK gene in P. contorta is transcriptionally fused to the inserted psbAlgene copy. As a result, trnK is under the control of the psbA promoter in this species and has therefore acquired psbA-like expression characteristics. In P. sylvestris, accumulation of trnK transcripts is not significantly higher in light-grown than in dark-grown seedlings. In contrast, the level of trnKtranscripts in P. contorta is approximately 12-fold higher in the light than in the dark. When light-grown seedlings of the two pine species were compared, an approximately 20-fold higher level of trnK RNAs was found in P. contorta. In both pine species, evidence was obtained for trnK-psbA and psbA-trnH co-transcription.

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Transcription study of the genes encoded in the region of the junction between the large single copy and the inverted repeat A of spinach chloroplast DNA

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Expression of Chloroplast and Mitochondrial Genes during Microsporogenesis in Maize

Expression of Chloroplast and Mitochondrial Genes during Microsporogenesis in Maize

Chloroplast ribosomes and protein synthesis.

A functional promoter shift of a chloroplast gene: a transcriptional fusion between a novel psbA gene copy and the trnK(UUU) gene in Pinus contorta

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