Transcription of Satellite DNA in Mouse L-cells

Cohen, Amit; Huh, T.Y.; Helleiner, C. W.

doi:10.1139/o73-065

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…These tandem repeats have historically been called satellite DNA because their densities often differ from bulk chromatin during centrifugation. As early as the 1960s and 1970s, evidence for transcription of mouse satellites was reported (18,32), as was the presence of RNA in kinetochores of both plants and animals (7,10,56). Detailed characterization of the RNA was not possible in these early studies because of the limitations of the experimental methods available.…”

Section: Usage Of the Terms Centromere And Pericentromerementioning

confidence: 99%

RNA as a Structural and Regulatory Component of the Centromere

Gent

Dawe

2012

Annu. Rev. Genet.

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Despite many challenges, great progress has been made in identifying kinetochore proteins and understanding their overall functions relative to spindles and centromeric DNA. In contrast, less is known about the specialized centromeric chromatin environment and how it may be involved in regulating the assembly of kinetochore proteins. Multiple independent lines of evidence have implicated transcription and the resulting RNA as an important part of this process. Here, we summarize recent literature demonstrating the roles of centromeric RNA in regulating kinetochore assembly and maintenance. We also review literature suggesting that the process of centromeric transcription may be as important as the resulting RNA and that such transcription may be involved in recruiting the centromeric histone variant CENH3.

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Section: Usage Of the Terms Centromere And Pericentromerementioning

confidence: 99%

RNA as a Structural and Regulatory Component of the Centromere

Gent

Dawe

2012

Annu. Rev. Genet.

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“…Despite identification of satellite DNA transcription in mouse as early as the late 60s (Harel et al, 1968;Cohen et al, 1973), the structure of CT and PCT transcripts remains poorly characterized. Indeed, the repetitive nature of CT and PCT regions adds to the difficulty of their analysis.…”

Section: Where and When Are Ct And Pct Sequences Expressed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The secret message of heterochromatin: new insights into the mechanisms and function of centromeric and pericentric repeat sequence transcription

Eymery¹,

Callanan²,

Vourc’h³

2009

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

104

114

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In the fission yeast, S. Pombe, small dsRNA generated by RNAi-dependent mechanisms are involved in the establishment and maintenance of heterochromatic regions. The existence of conserved features within the general organization of centromeric and pericentromeric repeats in yeast, mouse and human argues in favor of a conserved role for centromeric and pericentromeric-derived transcripts across these species. In support of this, evidence is accumulating that centromeric and pericentromeric sequences are transcriptionally competent in diverse biological contexts in mammalian cells. Given the importance of centromeric and pericentromeric regions, not only with respect to centromere function, but also to gene regulation, this review examines the biological contexts in which mouse and human centromeric and pericentromericspecific transcripts have been observed. The structure of the transcripts generated, the molecular mechanisms underlying their expression and their supposed functions will be discussed.

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“…Prior to PCR, success in identifying such transcripts depended upon methodology, cell type or developmental stage. [38][39][40][41][42][43][44] After the advent of reverse-transcriptase PCR (RT)-PCR, such transcripts were identified in a number of mouse cell lines, [30][31][32]45,46 in some human cell lines under stressed conditions, 47,48 and in a few human cancer cell lines. 49 However, considering that pericentric heterochromatin comprises a large percentage of genomic DNA (5-10% in mice) yet detection of transcripts frequently requires sensitive methods, transcription is expected to be relatively rare or at only a small number of sites.…”

Section: Mammalian Heterochromatin Transcription Has Been Difficult Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell cycle regulated transcription of heterochromatin in mammals vs. fission yeast: Functional conservation or coincidence?

Lu¹,

Gilbert²

2008

Cell Cycle

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Although it is tempting to speculate that the transcription-dependent heterochromatin assembly pathway found in fission yeast may operate in higher mammals, transcription of heterochromatin has been difficult to substantiate in mammalian cells. We recently demonstrated that transcription from the mouse pericentric heterochromatin major (gamma) satellite repeats is under cell cycle control, being sharply downregulated at the metaphase to anaphase transition and resuming in late G(1)-phase dependent upon passage through the restriction point. The highest rates of transcription were in early S-phase and again in mitosis with different RNA products detected at each of these times.(1) Importantly, differences in the percentage of cells in G(1)-phase can account for past discrepancies in the detection of major satellite transcripts and suggest that pericentric heterochromatin transcription takes place in all proliferating mammalian cells. A similar cell cycle regulation of heterochromatin transcription has now been shown in fission yeast,(2,3) providing further support for a conserved mechanism. However, there are still fundamental differences between these two systems that preclude the identification of a functional or mechanistic link.

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Transcription of Satellite DNA in Mouse L-cells

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

RNA as a Structural and Regulatory Component of the Centromere

RNA as a Structural and Regulatory Component of the Centromere

The secret message of heterochromatin: new insights into the mechanisms and function of centromeric and pericentric repeat sequence transcription

Cell cycle regulated transcription of heterochromatin in mammals vs. fission yeast: Functional conservation or coincidence?

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