Transcription of N‐ and O‐linked mannosyltransferase genes is modulated by the <i>pacC</i> gene in the human dermatophyte <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i>

Mendes, Niege Silva; Trevisan, Glauce L.; Cruz, Aline H.S.; Santos, Rodrigo Silva; Peres, Nalu T. A.; Martinez-Rossi, Nilce M.; Rossi, Antônio

doi:10.1016/j.fob.2012.09.005

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In addition, by using an mRNA differential display, we isolated one cDNA, not detected in the palB7 strain, that encodes a manosyltransferase . In Trichophyton rubrum , disruption of the pacC gene resulted in decreased growth on human nails and decreased secretion of keratinolytic proteases possibly through transcriptional modulation of the O‐ and N‐linked mannosyltransferase genes . Transcription profiling of these two mannosyltransferases revealed a high level of complexity because their transcription were also affected by nutrients, culture pH, and the functioning of the pacC gene .…”

Section: Is Proteolysis Of the Transcription Regulator Pacc Imperativmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Trichophyton rubrum , disruption of the pacC gene resulted in decreased growth on human nails and decreased secretion of keratinolytic proteases possibly through transcriptional modulation of the O‐ and N‐linked mannosyltransferase genes . Transcription profiling of these two mannosyltransferases revealed a high level of complexity because their transcription were also affected by nutrients, culture pH, and the functioning of the pacC gene . We hypothesized that putative pal ‐dependent PacC post‐translational modifications are determinants for the conversion of PacC to its functional form, irrespective of ambient pH, in which the active PacC protein should carry the post‐translational modification promoted by the pal ‐signaling cascade.…”

Section: Is Proteolysis Of the Transcription Regulator Pacc Imperativmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ambient pH sensing in filamentous fungi: Pitfalls in elucidating regulatory hierarchical signaling networks

et al. 2013

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In this article, the experiments used to construct the ambient pH-signaling network involved in the secretion of enzymes by filamentous fungi have been reviewed, focusing on the phosphate-repressible phosphatases in Aspergillus nidulans. Classic and molecular genetics have been used to demonstrate that proteolysis of the transcription factor PacC at alkaline ambient pH is imperative for its action, implying that the full-length version is not an active molecular form of PacC. It has been hypothesized that the transcriptional regulator PacC may be functional at both acidic and alkaline ambient pH, in either the full-length or the proteolyzed form, if it carries a pal-dependent molecular tag. The products of the pal genes are involved in a metabolic pathway that led to the synthesis of effector molecules that tag the pacC product, perhaps facilitating its proteolysis. V C 2013 IUBMB Life, 65(11):930-935, 2013

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Section: Is Proteolysis Of the Transcription Regulator Pacc Imperativmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Is Proteolysis Of the Transcription Regulator Pacc Imperativmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient pH sensing in filamentous fungi: Pitfalls in elucidating regulatory hierarchical signaling networks

et al. 2013

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“…However, this zoophilic dermatophyte can be transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected animal via arthrospores 1 . A keratinolytic activity and pathogenesis of this group of medically important fungi is corelated because, during infection, dermatophytes secrete a lot of proteases that degrade keratinised structures into oligopeptides as well as free amino acids, which are then used by the fungi as sources of nutrients 2 . Proteolytic degradation of keratin is possible after relaxation of its structure by reduction of disulphide bridges (S–S).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic analysis of Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis during keratin degradation

Ciesielska

Kawa

Kanarek

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Keratin is important and needed for the growth of dermatophytes in the host tissue. In turn, the ability to invade keratinised tissues is defined as a pivotal virulence attribute of this group of medically important fungi. The host–dermatophyte interaction is accompanied by an adaptation of fungal metabolism that allows them to adhere to the host tissue as well as utilize the available nutrients necessary for their survival and growth. Dermatophyte infections pose a significant epidemiological and clinical problem. Trichophyton rubrum is the most common anthropophilic dermatophyte worldwide and its typical infection areas include skin of hands or feet and nail plate. In turn, Microsporum canis is a zoophilic pathogen, and mostly well known for ringworm in pets, it is also known to infect humans. The aim of the study was to compare the intracellular metabolite content in the T. rubrum and M. canis during keratin degradation using liquid chromatography system coupled with tandem mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). The metabolite “fingerprints” revealed compounds associated with amino acids metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism related to the glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), as well as nucleotide and energy metabolism. The metabolites such as kynurenic acid, l-alanine and cysteine in case of T. rubrum as well as cysteine and riboflavin in case of M. canis were detected only during keratin degradation what may suggest that these compounds may play a key role in the interactions of T. rubrum and M. canis with the host tissue. The metabolomic results were completed by qPCR gene expression assay. Our findings suggest that metabolomic analysis of T. rubrum and M. canis growing in culture media that mimic the dermatophyte infection could allow the understanding of processes involved in the pathogenesis of dermatophytes.

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“…Using mutant strains carrying the Δ pac-3 (or rim101 / pacC ) revealed that the PAC-3 transcription factor correlates with fungal traits beyond pH signaling, impacting fundamental biological processes, including cell morphology, hyphae growth, conidiation, and adaptation to the host or nutritional variances ( Ferreira-Nozawa et al , 2006 ; Mendes et al , 2012 ; O'Meara et al , 2014 ; Martins et al , 2018 , 2019 ; Rascle et al , 2018 ). In Neurospora crassa , the deletion of pac-3 and the pal cascade-associated genes, except for Δ pal-9 / palI, diminished aerial growth, reduced conidiation, and resulted in high production of melanin, in comparison with that in the wild-type strain ( Virgilio et al , 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expression of pac-3 / rim101 / pacC is modulated in response to environmental conditions, including variations in inorganic phosphate (Pi), carbon sources, and pH fluctuations, which may impair critical physiological functions ( Ferreira-Nozawa et al , 2006 ; Trevisan et al , 2011 ; Mendes et al , 2012 ; Martins et al , 2019 ). In this study, we used RNA-seq analysis to assess the genes related to morphogenesis and development of the N. crassa mutant Δ pac-3 cultivated in media containing sufficient or limited Pi, an essential constituent of biomolecules ( Gras et al , 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The PAC-3 transcription factor critically regulates phenotype-associated genes in Neurospora crassa

et al. 2020

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Transcription factors play an important role in fungal environmental adaptive process by promoting adjustment to challenging stimuli via gene modulation and activation of signaling networks. The transcription factor encoded by the pac-3/rim101/pacC gene is involved in pH regulation and is associated with a wide variety of cellular functions. The deletion of pac-3 affects fungal development. In Neurospora crassa, the Dpac-3 strain presents diminished aerial growth and reduced conidiation. However, the PAC-3-regulated genes associated with this altered phenotype have not been elucidated. In this study, we used RNA-seq to analyze the phenotypic plasticity induced after pac-3 deletion in the filamentous fungus N. crassa cultivated in media supplemented with sufficient or limited inorganic phosphate. Genes related to morphology, hyphal development, and conidiation were of particular interest in this study. Our results suggest a pac-3 dependency in gene regulation in a Pi-dependent manner. Furthermore, our analysis suggested that the fungus attempts to overcome the deletion effects in a Dpac-3 mutant through a complex combined regulatory mechanism. Finally, the modulatory responses observed in the Dpac-3 strain, a double mutant generated based on the Dmus-52 mutant strain, is strain-specific, highlighting that the phenotypic impact may be attributed to pac-3 absence despite the combined mus-52 deletion.

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Transcription of N‐ and O‐linked mannosyltransferase genes is modulated by the pacC gene in the human dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Ambient pH sensing in filamentous fungi: Pitfalls in elucidating regulatory hierarchical signaling networks

Ambient pH sensing in filamentous fungi: Pitfalls in elucidating regulatory hierarchical signaling networks

Metabolomic analysis of Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis during keratin degradation

The PAC-3 transcription factor critically regulates phenotype-associated genes in Neurospora crassa

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