Transcription Factor Specificity Protein 1 Regulates Inflammation and Fibrin Deposition in Nasal Polyps Via the Regulation of microRNA-125b and the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway

MicroRNAs: Potential Biomarkers of Disease Severity in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps

“…The significant overexpression of miR-125b was observed only in Eos CRSwNP but not in other types of CRS nor was miR-125b differentially expressed in non-Eos CRS compared to control subjects. These results do not agree with other studies [ 12 , 14 ], including ours, where a clear overexpression of miR-125b was observed in nasal polyps compared to the normal nasal mucosa. When comparing the expression of seven different miRNAs, Xia et al [ 14 ] found miR-125b overexpressed in CRS compared to controls and further elevated in CRSwNP compared to CRSsNP.…”

“…Interestingly, IFN-β treatment has been shown to shift the pattern of the immune response from Th1 to Th2 in multiple sclerosis [ 37 , 38 ]. Song et al [ 12 ] also confirmed that miR-125b was in direct correlation with eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and IL-5, IL-8 levels in CRSwNP patients. Moreover, they demonstrated in murine tissues that a downregulation of miR-125b leads to a reduction in ECP, eosinophil peroxidase (EPX), IL-5 and IL-8 levels.…”

“…When comparing the expression of seven different miRNAs, Xia et al [ 14 ] found miR-125b overexpressed in CRS compared to controls and further elevated in CRSwNP compared to CRSsNP. Song et al [ 12 ] performed a microarray analysis, screening for differentially expressed miRNAs in nasal tissues of CRSwNP compared to CRSsNP, and found miR-125b to have the highest change in NP and also be correlated with eosinophilic infiltration. During a general analysis of microRNAs in CRSwNP, Yu et al [ 13 ] found differentiated miRNAs expression in CRS compared to control but without difference according to tissue eosinophilia.…”

“…In CRSwNP, miRNA’s aberrant expression is associated with activating pro-inflammatory pathways, leading to inflammation and fibrosis, with the subsequent formation of nasal polyps [ 12 , 13 ]. Multiple studies have discovered an overexpression of miR-125b in nasal polyps [ 12 , 14 ] and even a distinct expression between Eos and non-Eos CRSwNP [ 15 ].…”

“…In CRSwNP, miRNA’s aberrant expression is associated with activating pro-inflammatory pathways, leading to inflammation and fibrosis, with the subsequent formation of nasal polyps [ 12 , 13 ]. Multiple studies have discovered an overexpression of miR-125b in nasal polyps [ 12 , 14 ] and even a distinct expression between Eos and non-Eos CRSwNP [ 15 ]. Since miR-125b appears to be one of the most mentioned microRNAs in CRSwNP, with expression in NP compared to normal nasal mucosa, and even higher values in EosCRSwNP, we find it useful to also evaluate the correlation between CRSwNP clinical severity and miR125b values.…”