Transcription as Second-Order Entextualization: The Challenge of Heteroglossia

The sociolinguistics of late modern publics

“…In this sense, where national standard languages are taken as a "given" point of reference, we may be faced with a form of methodological nationalism (see also Schneider, 2018). This is, however, not easy to overcome: many sociolinguists will be familiar with the feeling of reproducing simplified models of "language x" in classroom settings, with problems of transcribing multilingual data by falling back on a priori notions of languages (see also Haberland & Mortensen, 2016) and the semiotics of banal nationalism (Billig, 1995), with country flags signifying languages and tokenist representations of multilingualism, which are a typical repertoire of linguistic departmental websites and academic promotional material.…”

Doing Understanding in Transient, Multilingual Communities in Higher Education

“…The core of the Barcelona team's methodological approach was conversation analysis (CA), while ethnographic methods were used in carrying out participant‐observation prior to and during recording, constructing a corpus that includes multiple and multimodal sources of data, and in supporting the analyses of interactional data. Garfinkel's work in ethnomethodology—broadly concerned with the study of locally emerging, common‐sense membership knowledge and thus situated social competence (Garfinkel ; Heritage ; ten Have )—provided the impetus for the CA approach that was developed by Harvey Sacks () and his colleagues, Emanuel Schegloff and Gail Jefferson, for investigating how social order was produced in ordinary talk‐in‐interaction, which is generally first entextualized in audiovisual recordings and re‐entexualized in transcriptions (Haberland and Mortensen ) for turn‐by‐turn sequential analysis.…”

Transience

“…Technological and methodological advances have also played a role in enabling scholars to develop research into contexts characterized by transience. Audio and video-recording have been applied in sociolinguistics for a long time, but routine access to the technology needed to study naturally occurring social interaction in transient social configurations, such as portable and relatively unobtrusive audio and (especially) videorecorders, linking software and other types of computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software Hazel 2012, Haberland andMortensen 2016), has only recently become part of the mainstream and utilized in the development of new or renewed methodological frameworks such as linguistic ethnography (see e.g. Tusting 2019, Copland and Creese 2015).…”