Transcription activator‐like (<scp>TAL</scp>) effectors targeting Os<scp>SWEET</scp> genes enhance virulence on diverse rice (Oryza sativa) varieties when expressed individually in a <scp>TAL</scp> effector‐deficient strain of Xanthomonas oryzae

Verdier, Valérie; Triplett, Lindsay R.; Hummel, Aaron W.; Corral, Rene; Cernadas, Raúl Andrés; Schmidt, Claude H.; Bogdanove, Adam J.; Leach, Jan E.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04367.x

Cited by 83 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This is reminiscent of the putative function of Xcm Avrb6 (148) and Xe AvrBs3, which leads to cell hypertrophy upon induction of the transcription factor-encoding gene UPA20 (76). Interestingly, strains of Xoc transformed with Xoo TAL effectors targeting OsSWEET14 cause higher leaf streak lesions but are unable to colonize the vascular tissues (135). Importantly, TAL effectors target susceptibility genes whose promoter sequences may vary among plant species.…”

Section: Type III Effector Proteins As Major Host-specificity Determimentioning

confidence: 97%

Using Ecology, Physiology, and Genomics to Understand Host Specificity inXanthomonas

Jacques

Arlat

Boulanger

et al. 2016

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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163

139

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How pathogens coevolve with and adapt to their hosts are critical to understanding how host jumps and/or acquisition of novel traits can lead to new disease emergences. The Xanthomonas genus includes Gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacteria that collectively infect a broad range of crops and wild plant species. However, individual Xanthomonas strains usually cause disease on only a few plant species and are highly adapted to their hosts, making them pertinent models to study host specificity. This review summarizes our current understanding of the molecular basis of host specificity in the Xanthomonas genus, with a particular focus on the ecology, physiology, and pathogenicity of the bacterium. Despite our limited understanding of the basis of host specificity, type III effectors, microbe-associated molecular patterns, lipopolysaccharides, transcriptional regulators, and chemotactic sensors emerge as key determinants for shaping host specificity.

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Section: Type III Effector Proteins As Major Host-specificity Determimentioning

confidence: 97%

Using Ecology, Physiology, and Genomics to Understand Host Specificity inXanthomonas

Jacques

Arlat

Boulanger

et al. 2016

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

Self Cite

163

139

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“…oryzicola BLS256 or MAI10 as previously reported (31). Each inoculum was adjusted to an optical density at 600 nm of 0.2 by dilution in distilled water (about 10 8 CFU ml Ϫ1 ) prior to inoculation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Detection of Xanthomonas oryzae Pathovars oryzae and oryzicola by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

Lang

Langlois

Nguyen

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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dMolecular diagnostics for crop diseases can enhance food security by enabling the rapid identification of threatening pathogens and providing critical information for the deployment of disease management strategies. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a PCR-based tool that allows the rapid, highly specific amplification of target DNA sequences at a single temperature and is thus ideal for field-level diagnosis of plant diseases. We developed primers highly specific for two globally important rice pathogens, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial blight (BB) disease, and X. oryzae pv. oryzicola, the causal agent of bacterial leaf streak disease (BLS), for use in reliable, sensitive LAMP assays. In addition to pathovar distinction, two assays that differentiate X. oryzae pv. oryzae by African or Asian lineage were developed. Using these LAMP primer sets, the presence of each pathogen was detected from DNA and bacterial cells, as well as leaf and seed samples. Thresholds of detection for all assays were consistently 10 4 to 10 5 CFU ml ؊1 , while genomic DNA thresholds were between 1 pg and 10 fg. Use of the unique sequences combined with the LAMP assay provides a sensitive, accurate, rapid, simple, and inexpensive protocol to detect both BB and BLS pathogens.

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“…oryzicola infects the plant via natural openings and colonizes the mesophyll (4). Genomes of members of both pathovars have been sequenced; however, the determinants of tissue specificity are still largely unknown (5,6). While X. oryzae pv.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis Tool for Surveillance and Local Epidemiology of Bacterial Leaf Blight and Bacterial Leaf Streak of Rice Caused by Xanthomonas oryzae

Poulin

Grygiel

Magne

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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dMultilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) is efficient for routine typing and for investigating the genetic structures of natural microbial populations. Two distinct pathovars of Xanthomonas oryzae can cause significant crop losses in tropical and temperate rice-growing countries. Bacterial leaf streak is caused by X. oryzae pv. oryzicola, and bacterial leaf blight is caused by X. oryzae pv. oryzae. For the latter, two genetic lineages have been described in the literature. We developed a universal MLVA typing tool both for the identification of the three X. oryzae genetic lineages and for epidemiological analyses. Sixteen candidate variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) loci were selected according to their presence and polymorphism in 10 draft or complete genome sequences of the three X. oryzae lineages and by VNTR sequencing of a subset of loci of interest in 20 strains per lineage. The MLVA-16 scheme was then applied to 338 strains of X. oryzae representing different pathovars and geographical locations. Linkage disequilibrium between MLVA loci was calculated by index association on different scales, and the 16 loci showed linear Mantel correlation with MLSA data on 56 X. oryzae strains, suggesting that they provide a good phylogenetic signal. Furthermore, analyses of sets of strains for different lineages indicated the possibility of using the scheme for deeper epidemiological investigation on small spatial scales. M olecular typing of pathogen populations is essential to gain insight into their genetic diversity and population dynamics in order to elaborate efficient strategies for disease control (1, 2). In agricultural systems, pests are ideally controlled by integrated approaches, including eradication or treatment of diseased organisms and planting of resistant varieties. However, the durability of resistance can be challenged if pathogen diversity is significant. Importantly, gene flow between pathogen populations can facilitate the breakdown of resistance in crop plants (3). Hence, efficient and precise molecular-typing tools for identifying strains and differentiating among related bacterial isolates are essential for microevolutionary reconstruction as a population genetics approach for integrated plant protection.Rice, one of the major crops worldwide, is affected by two bacterial diseases that are caused by strains of Xanthomonas oryzae, bacterial leaf blight (BLB), caused by X. oryzae pv. oryzae, and bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by X. oryzae pv. oryzicola. Collectively, these two diseases cause significant yield losses in tropical and temperate rice-growing areas. X. oryzae pv. oryzae colonizes xylem vessels upon entry into the vascular system. X. oryzae pv. oryzicola infects the plant via natural openings and colonizes the mesophyll (4). Genomes of members of both pathovars have been sequenced; however, the determinants of tissue specificity are still largely unknown (5, 6). While X. oryzae pv. oryzicola has been shown to be seedborne and seed transmitted (7,8), the evidenc...

show abstract

Transcription activator‐like (TAL) effectors targeting OsSWEET genes enhance virulence on diverse rice (Oryza sativa) varieties when expressed individually in a TAL effector‐deficient strain of Xanthomonas oryzae

Cited by 83 publications

References 34 publications

Using Ecology, Physiology, and Genomics to Understand Host Specificity inXanthomonas

Using Ecology, Physiology, and Genomics to Understand Host Specificity inXanthomonas

Sensitive Detection of Xanthomonas oryzae Pathovars oryzae and oryzicola by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

New Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis Tool for Surveillance and Local Epidemiology of Bacterial Leaf Blight and Bacterial Leaf Streak of Rice Caused by Xanthomonas oryzae

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