Transcranial Magnetic Theta-Burst Stimulation of the Human Cerebellum Distinguishes Absolute, Duration-Based from Relative, Beat-Based Perception of Subsecond Time Intervals

Grube, Manon; Lee, Kwang-Hyuk; Griffiths, Timothy D.; Barker, Anthony T.; Woodruff, Peter

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00171

Cited by 87 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(124 reference statements)

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“…The cerebellum also responds more during learning of non-metric than metric rhythms [40]. The fMRI findings are supported by findings from other methods: deficits in encoding of single durations, but not of metric sequences, occur when cerebellar function is disrupted, either by disease [41] or through transcranial magnetic stimulation [42]. Thus, although the cerebellum is commonly activated during rhythm tasks, the evidence indicates it is involved in absolute, not relative, timing and therefore does not play a significant role in beat perception or entrainment.…”

Section: Functional Imaging Of Beat Perception and Entrainment In Humanssupporting

confidence: 71%

Finding the beat: a neural perspective across humans and non-human primates

Merchant¹,

Grahn

Trainor

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

316

262

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One contribution of 12 to a theme Issue 'Biology, cognition and origins of musicality'. Humans possess an ability to perceive and synchronize movements to the beat in music ('beat perception and synchronization'), and recent neuroscientific data have offered new insights into this beat-finding capacity at multiple neural levels. Here, we review and compare behavioural and neural data on temporal and sequential processing during beat perception and entrainment tasks in macaques (including direct neural recording and local field potential (LFP)) and humans (including fMRI, EEG and MEG). These abilities rest upon a distributed set of circuits that include the motor cortico-basalganglia-thalamo-cortical (mCBGT) circuit, where the supplementary motor cortex (SMA) and the putamen are critical cortical and subcortical nodes, respectively. In addition, a cortical loop between motor and auditory areas, connected through delta and beta oscillatory activity, is deeply involved in these behaviours, with motor regions providing the predictive timing needed for the perception of, and entrainment to, musical rhythms. The neural discharge rate and the LFP oscillatory activity in the gamma-and beta-bands in the putamen and SMA of monkeys are tuned to the duration of intervals produced during a beat synchronization-continuation task (SCT). Hence, the tempo during beat synchronization is represented by different interval-tuned cells that are activated depending on the produced interval. In addition, cells in these areas are tuned to the serial-order elements of the SCT. Thus, the underpinnings of beat synchronization are intrinsically linked to the dynamics of cell populations tuned for duration and serial order throughout the mCBGT. We suggest that a cross-species comparison of behaviours and the neural circuits supporting them sets the stage for a new generation of neurally grounded computational models for beat perception and synchronization.

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Section: Functional Imaging Of Beat Perception and Entrainment In Humanssupporting

confidence: 71%

Finding the beat: a neural perspective across humans and non-human primates

Merchant¹,

Grahn

Trainor

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

316

262

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Because synchronization employs beat-based predictive timing mechanisms, it may be concluded that left dPMC is involved in beat-based timing. Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS), a TMS protocol that down-regulates cortical activity at the focal target location (Huang et al, 2005), interferes with interval-based timing when applied over medial cerebellum, but does not interfere with beat-based timing (Grube et al, 2010). This supports a functional dissociation between interval and beatbased timing, and suggests that cerebellum is involved in interval, but not beat-based, timing.…”

Section: Causal Studies Of Neural Circuits During Beat Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The auditory stream may be as simple as a metronome or as complex as a highly layered and time-varying musical work, but the human brain seems to almost automatically seek a simple regularity, the beat, or pulse, which can serve to organize our movements (as in dance, or tapping your foot to music), but also can organize our perception of time (Hannon, Snyder, Eerola, & Krumhansl, 2004;Palmer & Krumhansl, 1990). Two types of timing that are involved in rhythm perception are intervalbased (absolute) timing and beat-based (relative) timing (Dalla Bella et al, 2016;Grube, Lee, Griffiths, Barker, & Woodruff, 2010;Iversen & Balasubramaniam, 2016). Interval-based timing is common to humans and non-human primates (Merchant & Honing, 2014;Zarco, Merchant, Prado, & Mendez, 2009).…”

Section: Beat Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interval-based timing is common to humans and non-human primates (Merchant & Honing, 2014;Zarco, Merchant, Prado, & Mendez, 2009). Beatbased timing may be uniquely human among primates (e.g., Merchant & Honing, 2014), and has other properties that make it of special interest for motor theories of timing (Grube et al, 2010;McAuley & Jones, 2003;Patel & Iversen, 2014).…”

Section: Beat Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Motor simulation theories of musical beat perception

2016

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There is growing interest in whether the motor system plays an essential role in rhythm perception. The motor system is active during the perception of rhythms, but is such motor activity merely a sign of unexecuted motor planning, or does it play a causal role in shaping the perception of rhythm? We present evidence for a causal role of motor planning and simulation, and review theories of internal simulation for beat-based timing prediction. Brain stimulation studies have the potential to conclusively test if the motor system plays a causal role in beat perception and ground theories to their neural underpinnings. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…by increasing tolerance against temporal variability in the processing of sequences with a regular beat. However, such mechanisms are most likely highly dependent on the specific temporal characteristics of the input, and compensation for cerebellar dysfunction may be more difficult for the timing of the absolute duration of single intervals [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellum, temporal predictability and the updating of a mental model

Kotz

Stockert

Schwartze

2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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We live in a dynamic and changing environment, which necessitates that we adapt to and efficiently respond to changes of stimulus form ('what') and stimulus occurrence ('when'). Consequently, behaviour is optimal when we can anticipate both the 'what' and 'when' dimensions of a stimulus. For example, to perceive a temporally expected stimulus, a listener needs to establish a fairly precise internal representation of its external temporal structure, a function ascribed to classical sensorimotor areas such as the cerebellum. Here we investigated how patients with cerebellar lesions and healthy matched controls exploit temporal regularity during auditory deviance processing. We expected modulations of the N2b and P3b components of the event-related potential in response to deviant tones, and also a stronger P3b response when deviant tones are embedded in temporally regular compared to irregular tone sequences. We further tested to what degree structural damage to the cerebellar temporal processing system affects the N2b and P3b responses associated with voluntary attention to change detection and the predictive adaptation of a mental model of the environment, respectively. Results revealed that healthy controls and cerebellar patients display an increased N2b response to deviant tones independent of temporal context. However, while healthy controls showed the expected enhanced P3b response to deviant tones in temporally regular sequences, the P3b response in cerebellar patients was significantly smaller in these sequences. The current data provide evidence that structural damage to the cerebellum affects the predictive adaptation to the temporal structure of events and the updating of a mental model of the environment under voluntary attention.

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Transcranial Magnetic Theta-Burst Stimulation of the Human Cerebellum Distinguishes Absolute, Duration-Based from Relative, Beat-Based Perception of Subsecond Time Intervals

Cited by 87 publications

References 69 publications

Finding the beat: a neural perspective across humans and non-human primates

Finding the beat: a neural perspective across humans and non-human primates

Motor simulation theories of musical beat perception

Cerebellum, temporal predictability and the updating of a mental model

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