Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Assess Exercise-Induced Neuroplasticity

Turco, Claudia V.; Nelson, Aimee J.

doi:10.3389/fnrgo.2021.679033

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…A change in corticospinal excitability following an acute bout of exercise is suggested to indicate that neuroplasticity has been induced. As reviewed previously ( Turco and Nelson, 2021 ), studies have reported inconsistent changes in TMS measures following aerobic exercise. As an example, a single session of aerobic exercise has been reported to increase ( Lulic et al, 2017 ; Neva et al, 2017 ; El-Sayes et al, 2019b ; MacDonald et al, 2019 ; Nicolini et al, 2020 ) or not change ( McDonnell et al, 2013 ; Singh et al, 2016 ; Brown et al, 2020 ; El-Sayes et al, 2020 ) corticospinal excitability as assessed with motor-evoked potentials (MEPs).…”

Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 88%

“…Further, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), an assessment of primary motor cortex (M1) microcircuitry, has been reported to decrease ( Singh et al, 2014 ; Smith et al, 2014 ; Stavrinos and Coxon, 2017 ; Yamazaki et al, 2019 ) or not change ( Mooney et al, 2016 ; Andrews et al, 2020 ; Morris et al, 2020 ; Hu et al, 2021 ) following a single session of aerobic exercise. Studies have also shown inconsistent effects of aerobic exercise on other common TMS measures including the contralateral silent period (CSP), intracortical facilitation (ICF), long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI), and short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) (see Turco and Nelson, 2021 ). Table 1 provides descriptions of the neurophysiological and molecular measures of neuroplasticity that are discussed in this review.…”

Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Combined Influences of Exercise, Diet and Sleep on Neuroplasticity

et al. 2022

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Neuroplasticity refers to the brain’s ability to undergo structural and functional adaptations in response to experience, and this process is associated with learning, memory and improvements in cognitive function. The brain’s propensity for neuroplasticity is influenced by lifestyle factors including exercise, diet and sleep. This review gathers evidence from molecular, systems and behavioral neuroscience to explain how these three key lifestyle factors influence neuroplasticity alone and in combination with one another. This review collected results from human studies as well as animal models. This information will have implications for research, educational, fitness and neurorehabilitation settings.

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Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

The Combined Influences of Exercise, Diet and Sleep on Neuroplasticity

et al. 2022

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“…Future studies should consider normalizing recorded SEP amplitudes to parameters of the peripheral nerve volley, e.g., N9 potentials recorded over the brachial plexus (Nuwer et al, 1994) to refine conclusions about possible neuroplasticity. Similar approaches can be found in studies normalizing TMS parameters to M-waves (Turco and Nelson, 2021) or H-reflexes to M-waves (Grosprêtre and Martin, 2012). Furthermore, modeling studies should be undertaken to quantify and potentially eliminate the influence of tissue architecture on SEP amplitudes.…”

Section: Limitations and Recommendations For Future Studiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…To date, it remains incompletely understood which physiological and specifically which neurophysiological markers underlie peak athletic performance. Accordingly, novel approaches have been proposed for neurodiagnostic in sports, using neurostimulation methods such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) (Turco and Nelson, 2021 ) as well as imaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to identify markers of training-induced neuroplasticity in athletes (Seidel-Marzi and Ragert, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatosensory-Evoked Potentials as a Marker of Functional Neuroplasticity in Athletes: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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BackgroundSomatosensory-evoked potentials (SEP) represent a non-invasive tool to assess neural responses elicited by somatosensory stimuli acquired via electrophysiological recordings. To date, there is no comprehensive evaluation of SEPs for the diagnostic investigation of exercise-induced functional neuroplasticity. This systematic review aims at highlighting the potential of SEP measurements as a diagnostic tool to investigate exercise-induced functional neuroplasticity of the sensorimotor system by reviewing studies comparing SEP parameters between athletes and healthy controls who are not involved in organized sports as well as between athlete cohorts of different sport disciplines.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted across three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus) by two independent researchers. Three hundred and ninety-seven records were identified, of which 10 cross-sectional studies were considered eligible.ResultsDifferences in SEP amplitudes and latencies between athletes and healthy controls or between athletes of different cohorts as well as associations between SEP parameters and demographic/behavioral variables (years of training, hours of training per week & reaction time) were observed in seven out of 10 included studies. In particular, several studies highlight differences in short- and long-latency SEP parameters, as well as high-frequency oscillations (HFO) when comparing athletes and healthy controls. Neuroplastic differences in athletes appear to be modality-specific as well as dependent on training regimens and sport-specific requirements. This is exemplified by differences in SEP parameters of various athlete populations after stimulation of their primarily trained limb.ConclusionTaken together, the existing literature suggests that athletes show specific functional neuroplasticity in the somatosensory system. Therefore, this systematic review highlights the potential of SEP measurements as an easy-to-use and inexpensive diagnostic tool to investigate functional neuroplasticity in the sensorimotor system of athletes. However, there are limitations regarding the small sample sizes and inconsistent methodology of SEP measurements in the studies reviewed. Therefore, future intervention studies are needed to verify and extend the conclusions drawn here.

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“…Two approaches for conditioning repetitive TMS (rTMS) have recently emphasized. One of which is short-duration rTMS with low-intensity and high-frequency stimulation and is called ‘theta-burst’ stimulation, whereas the other is the direct application of weakly negative or constant positive currents on the scalp to enact changes in brain impulses [ 102 ]. In a recent study, it was also found that four continuous rTMS sessions can recover refractory central neuropathic pain over three weeks by applying electromagnetic induction of 20 Hz on the primary motor cortex [ 103 ].…”

Section: Interventional Methods As An Effective Treatment Approach Ag...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Therapies for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain: Potential and Pitfalls

Shinu

Morsy

Nair

et al. 2022

JCM

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Neuropathic pain affects more than one million people across the globe. The quality of life of people suffering from neuropathic pain has been considerably declining due to the unavailability of appropriate therapeutics. Currently, available treatment options can only treat patients symptomatically, but they are associated with severe adverse side effects and the development of tolerance over prolonged use. In the past decade, researchers were able to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in neuropathic pain; thus, continuous efforts are evident, aiming to develop novel interventions with better efficacy instead of symptomatic treatment. The current review discusses the latest interventional strategies used in the treatment and management of neuropathic pain. This review also provides insights into the present scenario of pain research, particularly various interventional techniques such as spinal cord stimulation, steroid injection, neural blockade, transcranial/epidural stimulation, deep brain stimulation, percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, neuroablative procedures, opto/chemogenetics, gene therapy, etc. In a nutshell, most of the above techniques are at preclinical stage and facing difficulty in translation to clinical studies due to the non-availability of appropriate methodologies. Therefore, continuing research on these interventional strategies may help in the development of promising novel therapies that can improve the quality of life of patients suffering from neuropathic pain.

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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Assess Exercise-Induced Neuroplasticity

Cited by 8 publications

References 144 publications

The Combined Influences of Exercise, Diet and Sleep on Neuroplasticity

The Combined Influences of Exercise, Diet and Sleep on Neuroplasticity

Somatosensory-Evoked Potentials as a Marker of Functional Neuroplasticity in Athletes: A Systematic Review

Novel Therapies for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain: Potential and Pitfalls

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