Transcranial magnetic stimulation on the modulation of gamma oscillations in schizophrenia

Farzan, Faranak; Barr, Mera S.; Sun, Yinming; Fitzgerald, Paul B.; Daskalakis, Zafiris J.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06543.x

Cited by 45 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Cortical excitability has been extensively investigated in the primary motor-cortex (M1) using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electromyography recordings (Rogasch et al 2014a), but recent studies opened the window for the assessment of the frontal lobe by combining TMS with electroencephalography (EEG) (Farzan et al 2012;Rogasch et al 2014b). As detailed in one meta-analysis (including 12 studies) and in one systematic review (including 24 studies), reduced TMS-induced intracortical inhibition in M1 has been consistently shown in schizophrenia patients Radhu et al 2013).…”

Section: Cortical Excitabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers: Criteria for biomarkers and endophenotypes of schizophrenia part I: Neurophysiology

Thibaut

Boutros

Jarema

et al. 2015

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

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The neurophysiological components that have been proposed as biomarkers or as endophenotypes for schizophrenia can be measured through electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), polysomnography (PSG), registration of event-related potentials (ERPs), assessment of smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) and antisaccade paradigms. Most of them demonstrate deficits in schizophrenia, show at least moderate stability over time and do not depend on clinical status, which means that they fulfil the criteria as valid endophenotypes for genetic studies. Deficits in cortical inhibition and plasticity measured using non-invasive brain stimulation techniques seem promising markers of outcome and prognosis. However the utility of these markers as biomarkers for predicting conversion to psychosis, response to treatments, or for tracking disease progression needs to be further studied.

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Section: Cortical Excitabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers: Criteria for biomarkers and endophenotypes of schizophrenia part I: Neurophysiology

Thibaut

Boutros

Jarema

et al. 2015

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

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“…Second, brain stimulation via repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been employed to rescue cognitive impairment [90]. Such studies have shown that rTMS can be employed to modulate GBO activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [91]. More recently, bilateral cortex rTMS was observed to improve performance in a visual n-back task (pre vs. post) in schizophrenia patients [92].…”

Section: Potential For Rescue Of Nmda Hypofunction-induced Cortical Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma band oscillations

McNally

McCarley²

2016

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

113

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Purpose of review We review our current understanding of abnormal γ band oscillations in schizophrenia, their association with symptoms and the underlying cortical circuit abnormality, with a particular focus on the role of fast-spiking parvalbumin gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons in the disease state. Recent findings Clinical electrophysiological studies of schizophrenia patients and pharmacological models of the disorder show an increase in spontaneous γ band activity (not stimulus-evoked) measures. These findings provide a crucial link between preclinical and clinical work examining the role of γ band activity in schizophrenia. MRI-based experiments measuring cortical GABA provides evidence supporting impaired GABAergic neurotransmission in schizophrenia patients, which is correlated with γ band activity level. Several studies suggest that stimulation of the cortical circuitry, directly or via subcortical structures, has the potential to modulate cortical γ activity, and improve cognitive function. Summary Abnormal γ band activity is observed in patients with schizophrenia and disease models in animals, and is suggested to underlie the psychosis and cognitive/perceptual deficits. Convergent evidence from both clinical and preclinical studies suggest the central factor in γ band abnormalities is impaired GABAergic neurotransmission, particularly in a subclass of neurons which express parvalbumin. Rescue of γ band abnormalities presents an intriguing option for therapeutic intervention.

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“…It is also significant that the role attributed to θ in the present dynomic model gains support from the finding that this rhythm has greater amplitude in left superior temporal cortex during auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia (Ishii et al, 2000), as opposed to steady θ during resting state, with patients being seemingly incapable of regulating chunking operations. Given the identification of such dysrhythmias in schizophrenia, repetitive TMS (rTMS) could be used as a therapeutic intervention to modulate the oscillations responsible for the abnormal linguistic profile documented above, as has been done to improve performance on visual tasks (Farzan et al, 2012; Barr et al, 2013). The oscillopathic profile constructed here is presented in Table 1.…”

Section: From Brain Rhythmicity To Language Deficits In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the Gap between Genes and Language Deficits in Schizophrenia: An Oscillopathic Approach

Murphy

Benítez‐Burraco

2016

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Schizophrenia is characterized by marked language deficits, but it is not clear how these deficits arise from the alteration of genes related to the disease. The goal of this paper is to aid the bridging of the gap between genes and schizophrenia and, ultimately, give support to the view that the abnormal presentation of language in this condition is heavily rooted in the evolutionary processes that brought about modern language. To that end we will focus on how the schizophrenic brain processes language and, particularly, on its distinctive oscillatory profile during language processing. Additionally, we will show that candidate genes for schizophrenia are overrepresented among the set of genes that are believed to be important for the evolution of the human faculty of language. These genes crucially include (and are related to) genes involved in brain rhythmicity. We will claim that this translational effort and the links we uncover may help develop an understanding of language evolution, along with the etiology of schizophrenia, its clinical/linguistic profile, and its high prevalence among modern populations.

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation on the modulation of gamma oscillations in schizophrenia

Cited by 45 publications

References 79 publications

Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers: Criteria for biomarkers and endophenotypes of schizophrenia part I: Neurophysiology

Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers: Criteria for biomarkers and endophenotypes of schizophrenia part I: Neurophysiology

Gamma band oscillations

Bridging the Gap between Genes and Language Deficits in Schizophrenia: An Oscillopathic Approach

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