Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Refractory Depression

Abstract

sponsive to this treatment. Unfortunately, a novel dramatic increase in weight was observed, with an additional 8-kg gain over 1 month. Discontinuation of escitalopram and replacement by topiramate was followed by weight stabilization.

H-coil repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment resistant major depressive disorder: An 18-week continuation safety and feasibility study

“…The tasks evaluated four different report to describe a successful continuation treatment of unipolar depression with rTMS (administered over a four month period) was that of a 45-year-old woman with medication-resistant depression (Abraham and O'Brien 2002). Another study showed benefi cial effects in eight out of 11 patients with refractory depression, who maintained response over a period of 3 months after receiving 4 weeks of rTMS treatment administered at 10 Hz over the left prefrontal cortex (Benadhira et al 2005). An additional study examined the effects of long term rTMS in ten subjects who had responded to acute rTMS treatment.…”

Laterality, frequency and replication of rTMS treatment for chronic tinnitus: pilot studies and a review of maintenance treatment

“…Towards that end, several small-scale, open label studies have investigated the therapeutic benefits of rTMS maintenance therapy for a variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders. A review of these studies (table 1) indicates that maintenance rTMS can be a well tolerated and effective method of treating the symptoms of medication-resistant depression (Benadhira, et al, 2005; Demirtas-Tatlidede, et al, 2008; Loo, et al, 2007; O’Reardon, et al, 2007; O’Reardon, et al, 2005), bipolar disorder (Dell’Osso, et al, 2009; Li, et al, 2004), schizophrenia (Poulet, et al, 2008; Thirthalli, et al, 2008), and aphasia (Kakuda, et al, 2010). Additionally, two case studies demonstrate the feasibility of using maintenance rTMS for tinnitus (Langguth, et al, 2003; Mennemeier, et al, 2008; Mennemeier & Dornhoffer, 2008); although, a larger series of tinnitus cases has not been published to our knowledge.…”

A Multisite, Naturalistic, Observational Study of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Patients With Pharmacoresistant Major Depressive Disorder

“…[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Cumulative data in the last decade support that benefit of acute TMS appears sustained over periods of weeks to months. 12,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Upon symptom reemergence, reintroduction of TMS often results in restoration of acute benefit. 12,21,22,25 Nevertheless, definitive conclusions regarding durability of benefit from these studies are limited by the use of different treatment parameters and durations of acute treatment.…”