Transcranial Doppler Study of the Cerebral Hemodynamic Changes During Breath‐Holding and Hyperventilation Tests

Settakis, Georgios; Lengyel, András; Molnár, Csilla; Bereczki, Dániel; Csiba, László; Fülesdi, Béla

doi:10.1111/j.1552-6569.2002.tb00129.x

Cited by 59 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Interestingly, the changes measured by DCS at all source-detector separations are consistent with previous reports of CBF changes due to breath-holding and hyperventilation, measured by techniques such as Xe-CT [44], PET [45], ASL-fMRI [46,47] and TCD [48], and they are in the range of the concurrent MAv reported for these two subjects (i.e., 21% and −32% for breath-holding and hyperventilation, respectively). Across the full subject group, we observe that differential BFI is proportional to differential MAv for all source-detector separations, with improved correlation at the higher probe pressures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Influence of probe pressure on the diffuse correlation spectroscopy blood flow signal: extra-cerebral contributions

Mesquita

Schenkel

Minkoff

et al. 2013

Biomed. Opt. Express

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A pilot study explores relative contributions of extra-cerebral (scalp/skull) versus brain (cerebral) tissues to the blood flow index determined by diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS). Microvascular DCS flow measurements were made on the head during baseline and breath-holding/hyperventilation tasks, both with and without pressure. Baseline (resting) data enabled estimation of extra-cerebral flow signals and their pressure dependencies. A simple two-component model was used to derive baseline and activated cerebral blood flow (CBF) signals, and the DCS flow indices were also cross-correlated with concurrent Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD) blood velocity measurements. The study suggests new pressure-dependent experimental paradigms for elucidation of blood flow contributions from extra-cerebral and cerebral tissues.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Influence of probe pressure on the diffuse correlation spectroscopy blood flow signal: extra-cerebral contributions

Mesquita

Schenkel

Minkoff

et al. 2013

Biomed. Opt. Express

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“…Velocity measurements were performed simultaneously in both middle cerebral arteries with the use of a two-channel monitoring kit: two probes 2-MHz pulse wave, the fixation band, and the monitoring program (MF version 8.27 l; DWL Elektronische Systeme). The physiological techniques of provoking cerebrovascular reactivity by changes of pCO 2 were applied according to the published standards (17,18). During the CO 2 reactivity test, the CO 2 content in expired air (end tidal CO 2 concentration) was monitored continuously (capnograph; Datex, Normocap, Finland).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before and after the tests, the systemic blood pressure and heart rate were measured. The vasomotor reactivity reserve (VMRr), expressed in percent change from baseline, and breath-holding index (BHI) were calculating according to the standard protocol published previously (17,18). The median values of arithmetical means of velocity measurements at rest (rest V mean ), VMRr, BHI, pulsatility index (PI), and resistance index (RI) of both middle cerebral arteries were used for further analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrovascular Reactivity, Intima-Media Thickness, and Nephropathy Presence in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2009

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OBJECTIVE -Cerebrovascular reactivity impairment was reported as a marker of cerebral microangiopathy in long-term type 1 diabetes. Intima-media complex thickening reflects early stages of macroangiopathy in type 1 diabetes. The analysis of the relationship between these variables and other microangiopathic complications might serve as a beneficial indicator for early prophylaxis in these patients.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -Vasomotor reactivity reserve (VMRr) and breath-holding index (BHI) of the middle cerebral artery were measured with transcranial Doppler in 59 patients (median age 32.0 years, range 20 -51, 36 females) with type 1 diabetes, without history of cerebrovascular events, and 30 healthy control subjects (median age 31.5 years, range 25-39, 15 females). The relationships between the presence of selected vascular complications of type 1 diabetes and biochemical parameters, intima-media thickness (IMT), and VMRr and BHI in patients were analyzed.RESULTS -VMRr and BHI were lower in patients with type 1 diabetes when compared with healthy subjects (81.5 vs. 100%, P Ͻ 0.01, and 1.6 vs. 2.2, P ϭ 0.04, respectively), whereas IMT was significantly higher in patients then in healthy control subjects (0.36 vs. 0.30 mm, P ϭ 0.001). However, no association of IMT with VMRr was found. We found a significant reduction of VMRr and BHI in patients with diabetic nephropathy.CONCLUSIONS -The presence of diabetic nephropathy, but not IMT, can be regarded as an indicator of cerebral microangiopathy severity in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 32:878-882, 2009

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“…Variations in PaC02 cause a vasodilatory response in the cerebral vasculature. Decreasing PaC02 or hypocapnia elicits a drop in vMCA and vice versa in response to hypercapnia or increased PaC02 (26,30,37). Others have illustrated that PaC02 and end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) are well correlated, and therefore, the latter has been used as a surrogate for PaC02 (5,6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CO2 inhalation, acetazolamide, hyperventilation (HV), and breath holding (BH) are commonly used in analyzing CVR. BH and HV have been shown to be reliable and provide reproducible results in measuring CVR (27,37,39,42). Research into the duration that each of the methods should be performed is limited.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrovascular Reactivity Impairment after Sport-Induced Concussion

Len

Neary

Asmundson

et al. 2011

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

119

107

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These data suggest that normal CVR responses may be disrupted in the days immediately after occurrence of mTBI. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography combined with expired gas measurements provides a useful method for assessing CVR impairment after mTBI. Further research, including serial monitoring after mTBI and analysis of CVR response to exercise, is warranted before any firm conclusions can be drawn.

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Transcranial Doppler Study of the Cerebral Hemodynamic Changes During Breath‐Holding and Hyperventilation Tests

Abstract: The authors concluded that breath-holding and hyperventilation tests seem to be a practical alternative to acetazolamide and the CO2 inhalation method in the assessment of cerebral hemodynamics.

Cited by 59 publications

References 25 publications

Influence of probe pressure on the diffuse correlation spectroscopy blood flow signal: extra-cerebral contributions

Influence of probe pressure on the diffuse correlation spectroscopy blood flow signal: extra-cerebral contributions

Cerebrovascular Reactivity, Intima-Media Thickness, and Nephropathy Presence in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

Cerebrovascular Reactivity Impairment after Sport-Induced Concussion

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