Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulates declarative memory

Javadi, Amir‐Homayoun; Walsh, Vincent

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2011.06.007

Cited by 218 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In addition, this study confirms the critical role of left DLPFC in verbal episodic memory along the lifespan (Gagnon et al, 2010;Manenti et al, 2010Manenti et al, , 2011Manenti et al, , 2013Gagnon et al, 2011;Javadi and Walsh, 2012;Javadi and Cheng, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…In a similar study, Javadi and Cheng (2013) applied tDCS over the left DLPFC, a region critically involved in encoding of verbal (Sandrini et al, 2003;Gagnon et al, 2010Gagnon et al, , 2011Javadi and Walsh, 2012) and nonverbal (Rossi et al, 2001(Rossi et al, , 2004Gagnon et al, 2010Gagnon et al, , 2011 episodic memories. Participants memorized words in the first session.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noninvasive Stimulation of Prefrontal Cortex Strengthens Existing Episodic Memories and Reduces Forgetting in the Elderly

et al. 2017

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Memory consolidation is a dynamic process. Reactivation of consolidated memories by a reminder triggers reconsolidation, a time-limited period during which existing memories can be modified (i.e., weakened or strengthened). Episodic memory refers to our ability to recall specific past events about what happened, including where and when. Difficulties in this form of long-term memory commonly occur in healthy aging. Because episodic memory is critical for daily life functioning, the development of effective interventions to reduce memory loss in elderly individuals is of great importance. Previous studies in young adults showed that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays a causal role in strengthening of verbal episodic memories through reconsolidation. The aim of the present study was to explore the extent to which facilitatory transcranial direct current stimulation (anodal tDCS) over the left DLPFC would strengthen existing episodic memories through reconsolidation in elderly individuals. On Day 1, older adults learned a list of 20 words. On Day 2 (24 h later), they received a reminder or not, and after 10 min tDCS was applied over the left DLPFC. Memory recall was tested on Day 3 (48 h later) and Day 30 (1 month later). Surprisingly, anodal tDCS over the left DLPFC (i.e., with or without the reminder) strengthened existing verbal episodic memories and reduced forgetting compared to sham stimulation. These results provide a framework for testing the hypothesis that facilitatory tDCS of left DLPFC might strengthen existing episodic memories and reduce memory loss in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Stimulation of Prefrontal Cortex Strengthens Existing Episodic Memories and Reduces Forgetting in the Elderly

et al. 2017

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“…In contrast, negative-cue recognition was not influenced by the left frontal stimulation (no differences among the F3, Cz, and sham conditions). Previous studies revealed a significant role of the DLPFC in the encoding and recognition of emotional contents (Javadi & Walsh, 2011;Sandrini et al, 2003;Turriziani et al, 2010); however, the studies did not specifically examine the significance of specific emotional categories, such as the effects of positive versus negative cues on the recognition process. The approach-avoidance model of emotional information processing may explain the contribution of the left frontal area, specifically the DLPFC, in the retrieval of positive memories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, neuroimaging, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) research has shown that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is involved in the recognition process (Javadi & Walsh, 2011;Sandrini, Cappa, Rossi, Rossini, & Miniussi, 2003;Turriziani, Smirni, Oliveri, Semeza, & Cipolotti, 2010). With regard to the contributions of specific brain areas in memory tasks, neuroimaging studies have shown increased activation of the DLPFC during tasks that require the organisation of information and the need to manage the relationships between memory cues.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

rTMS stimulation on left DLPFC increases the correct recognition of memories for emotional target and distractor words

Balconi

Ferrari

2012

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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According to a recent hypothesis, the prefrontal cortex has been proposed as the site of emotional memory integration, because it is sensitive to the recognition of emotional contents. In the present research, we explored the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in memory recognition processes for positive versus negative emotional stimuli when old (target) and new (distractor, either semantically related or unrelated to the target) stimuli were presented. The role of the DLPFC was analysed using an rTMS (repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation) paradigm that induced increased cortical activation of the left DLPFC. The subjects were required to perform a task that consisted of two experimental phases (i.e., an encoding and a recognition phase) in which the targets and the distractors were presented and recognition performance was measured. rTMS stimulation was provided over the left DLPFC during the recognition phase. We found that the rTMS stimulation affected the memory recognition of positive emotional material. Moreover, related and unrelated distractors were discarded better when they were positively valenced, and a more significant effect (i.e., increased performance) was produced in response to related distractors. This result suggests that the activation of the left DLPFC favours the memory recognition of positive emotional information, and that such activation is able to induce a more appropriate selective process to distinguish target from distractor stimuli in the presence of more complex processes (related distractors). The valence model of emotional cue processing may explain this increased performance by demonstrating the distinct role of the left hemisphere in the retrieval of positive emotional information.

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“…With regard to long-term memory processes, Javadi and Walsh [45] have described the role of the left DLPFC in word memorization: anodal tDCS improves encoding and trend-wise recognition, whereas cathodal stimulation impairs recognition. In accord, anodal tDCS of this area improves the re-consolidation of learned verbal material [46] , and improves performance when applied during word retrieval [47] .…”

Section: Long-term Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring prefrontal cortex functions in healthy humans by transcranial electrical stimulation

Kuo

Nitsche²

2015

Neurosci. Bull.

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The prefrontal cortex is involved in a multitude of cognitive, emotional, motivational, and social processes, so exploring its specifi c functions is crucial for understanding human experience and behavior. Functional imaging approaches have largely contributed to the enhancement of our understanding, but might have limitations in establishing causal relationships between physiology and the related psychological and behavioral processes. Non-invasive electrical stimulation with direct or alternating currents can help to enhance our understanding with regard to specific processes, and might provide future protocols able to improve them in case of malfunctions. We review the current state of the fi eld, and provide an outlook for future developments.

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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulates declarative memory

Cited by 218 publications

References 77 publications

Noninvasive Stimulation of Prefrontal Cortex Strengthens Existing Episodic Memories and Reduces Forgetting in the Elderly

Noninvasive Stimulation of Prefrontal Cortex Strengthens Existing Episodic Memories and Reduces Forgetting in the Elderly

rTMS stimulation on left DLPFC increases the correct recognition of memories for emotional target and distractor words

Exploring prefrontal cortex functions in healthy humans by transcranial electrical stimulation

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