Transcranial application of low‐energy laser irradiation improves neurological deficits in rats following acute stroke

Taboada, Luis De; Ilić, Sanja; Leichliter-Martha, Sandra; Oron, Uri; Oron, Amir; Streeter, Jackson

doi:10.1002/lsm.20256

Cited by 139 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…1,10,38 There was considerable diminution of the NIr signal across the brain; although we detected signal from 10 mm away from the source, the signal had reduced by over 99%. Overall, for both lower (0.16 mW) and higher (67 mW) power outputs, we estimated a 65% signal reduction across each millimeter of brain.…”

Section: Measurements Of the Nir Signal In The Living Brainmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Similar sets of values have been recently reported for human cadaveric specimens. 16 Further, Detaboada and colleagues 10 estimated that there would be a power density decrease of more than 99% from the cortex to a depth of 18 mm in rats. Finally, in rats, Abdo and colleagues 1 noted significant attenuation of the NIr signal, with power reducing approximately 90% at approximately 1 mm deep from the cortex.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Photobiomodulation inside the brain: a novel method of applying near-infrared light intracranially and its impact on dopaminergic cell survival in MPTP-treated mice

Moro

Massri²,

Torres

et al. 2014

JNS

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Object Previous experimental studies have documented the neuroprotection of damaged or diseased cells after applying, from outside the brain, near-infrared light (NIr) to the brain by using external light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or laser devices. In the present study, the authors describe an effective and reliable surgical method of applying to the brain, from inside the brain, NIr to the brain. They developed a novel internal surgical device that delivers the NIr to brain regions very close to target damaged or diseased cells. They suggest that this device will be useful in applying NIr within the large human brain, particularly if the target cells have a very deep location. Methods An optical fiber linked to an LED or laser device was surgically implanted into the lateral ventricle of BALB/c mice or Sprague-Dawley rats. The authors explored the feasibility of the internal device, measured the NIr signal through living tissue, looked for evidence of toxicity at doses higher than those required for neuroprotection, and confirmed the neuroprotective effect of NIr on dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in an acute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of Parkinson disease in mice. Results The device was stable in freely moving animals, and the NIr filled the cranial cavity. Measurements showed that the NIr intensity declined as distance from the source increased across the brain (65% per mm) but was detectable up to 10 mm away. At neuroprotective (0.16 mW) and much higher (67 mW) intensities, the NIr caused no observable behavioral deficits, nor was there evidence of tissue necrosis at the fiber tip, where radiation was most intense. Finally, the intracranially delivered NIr protected SNc cells against MPTP insult; there were consistently more dopaminergic cells in MPTP-treated mice irradiated with NIr than in those that were not irradiated. Conclusions In summary, the authors showed that NIr can be applied intracranially, does not have toxic side effects, and is neuroprotective.

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Section: Measurements Of the Nir Signal In The Living Brainmentioning

confidence: 65%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photobiomodulation inside the brain: a novel method of applying near-infrared light intracranially and its impact on dopaminergic cell survival in MPTP-treated mice

Moro

Massri²,

Torres

et al. 2014

JNS

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“…It was estimated that up to 3% (0.4 J/cm 2 ) could reach the surface brain cortex, although this is unknown in humans (M. Hamblin, personal observation). 28,55 Patients were treated in a recliner chair, and the total LED treatment time per visit was 20 min. The LED cluster heads were held in place with a soft nylon cap.…”

Section: Screening Cognitive Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Improvements in Cognitive Performance Post-Transcranial, Red/Near-Infrared Light-Emitting Diode Treatments in Chronic, Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Open-Protocol Study

Naeser

Zafonte²,

Krengel³

et al. 2014

Journal of Neurotrauma

229

204

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This pilot, open-protocol study examined whether scalp application of red and near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting diodes (LED) could improve cognition in patients with chronic, mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Application of red/NIR light improves mitochondrial function (especially in hypoxic/compromised cells) promoting increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) important for cellular metabolism. Nitric oxide is released locally, increasing regional cerebral blood flow. LED therapy is noninvasive, painless, and non-thermal (cleared by the United States Food and Drug Administration [FDA], an insignificant risk device). Eleven chronic, mTBI participants (26-62 years of age, 6 males) with nonpenetrating brain injury and persistent cognitive dysfunction were treated for 18 outpatient sessions (Monday, Wednesday, Friday, for 6 weeks), starting at 10 months to 8 years post-mTBI (motor vehicle accident [MVA] or sports-related; and one participant, improvised explosive device [IED] blast injury). Four had a history of multiple concussions. Each LED cluster head (5.35 cm diameter, 500 mW, 22.2 mW/cm 2 ) was applied for 10 min to each of 11 scalp placements (13 J/cm 2 ). LEDs were placed on the midline from front-to-back hairline; and bilaterally on frontal, parietal, and temporal areas. Neuropsychological testing was performed pre-LED, and at 1 week, and 1 and 2 months after the 18th treatment.

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“…Transcranial LLLT applied after ischemic stroke in rats caused a significant improvement of neurological score compared to sham animals 36 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

The influence of low-level laser irradiation on spinal cord injuries following ischemia- reperfusion in rats

Sotoudeh

Jahanshahi²,

Zareiy

et al. 2015

Acta Cir. Bras.

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PURPOSE:To investigate if low level laser therapy (LLLT) can decrease spinal cord injuries after temporary induced spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion in rats because of its anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS:Forty eight rats were randomized into two study groups of 24 rats each. In group I, ischemic-reperfusion (I-R) injury was induced without any treatment. Group II, was irradiated four times about 20 minutes for the following three days. The lesion site directly was irradiated transcutaneously to the spinal direction with 810 nm diode laser with output power of 150 mW. Functional recovery, immunohistochemical and histopathological changes were assessed. RESULTS:The average functional recovery scores of group II were significantly higher than that the score of group I (2.86 ± 0.68, vs 1.38 ± 0.09; p<0.05). Histopathologic evaluations in group II were showed a mild changes in compare with group I, that suggested this group survived from I-R consequences. Moreover, as seen from TUNEL results, LLLT also protected neurons from I-R-induced apoptosis in rats.CONCLUSION: Low level laser therapy was be able to minimize the damage to the rat spinal cord of reperfusion-induced injury.

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Transcranial application of low‐energy laser irradiation improves neurological deficits in rats following acute stroke

Cited by 139 publications

References 13 publications

Photobiomodulation inside the brain: a novel method of applying near-infrared light intracranially and its impact on dopaminergic cell survival in MPTP-treated mice

Photobiomodulation inside the brain: a novel method of applying near-infrared light intracranially and its impact on dopaminergic cell survival in MPTP-treated mice

Significant Improvements in Cognitive Performance Post-Transcranial, Red/Near-Infrared Light-Emitting Diode Treatments in Chronic, Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Open-Protocol Study

The influence of low-level laser irradiation on spinal cord injuries following ischemia- reperfusion in rats

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