“…It never lasted more than 2h. However, prolonged and even permanent diplopia has been reported after damaging the inferior oblique and even the inferior rectus muscle [3,4].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This complication can be very difficult to correct [2]. Also, an incision in the highly vascularized tarsal conjunctiva can induce a significant bleeding, especially in patients with a short lower eyelid and shallow cul de sac where the fat pockets are not easily accessible [3]. Our technique of transconjunctival blephs of the lower eyelid tries to deal with all these aspects.…”
“…It never lasted more than 2h. However, prolonged and even permanent diplopia has been reported after damaging the inferior oblique and even the inferior rectus muscle [3,4].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This complication can be very difficult to correct [2]. Also, an incision in the highly vascularized tarsal conjunctiva can induce a significant bleeding, especially in patients with a short lower eyelid and shallow cul de sac where the fat pockets are not easily accessible [3]. Our technique of transconjunctival blephs of the lower eyelid tries to deal with all these aspects.…”
“…The transconjunctival approach, as its name applies, allows the surgeon to access the orbital fat pads of the lower lid while avoiding the visible external scar. It is the preferred approach in patients with herniated infraorbital fat and minimal excess skin [24]. An incision in the lower conjunctiva below the tarsus is made, but the exact incision placement depends weather the surgeon is using the preseptal or the postseptal approaches [25,26].…”
The eyelids and periorbital tissues undergo significant changes with aging and often constitute a major concern for those seeking facial rejuvenation. Over the last decade, there has been a steady increase in the demand for lower eyelid rejuvenation. Many techniques and approaches exist to address these concerns, including both noninvasive (filler, lasers, or chemical resurfacing) and invasive (Blepharoplasty or midface lift) procedures. The danger of side effects when performing lower blepharoplasty has kept many patients and physicians away from the surgery, yet advances in lower eyelid blepharoplasty techniques made this procedure more relevant. The exact surgical approach remains controversial and is largely dependent upon surgeon preference and a patient’s cosmetic desire. Here we review the aging changes in the lower lid, indications, preoperative considerations, operative techniques, and complications of lower lid blepharoplasty.
“…It is a good option in patients with pseudoherniated infraorbital fat and little lid laxity, which may make the transcutaneous approach difficult. 19 An incision is made in the lower conjunctiva inferior to the tarsus, 4,20,21 allowing easy access to the inferior periorbital fat without violating the anterior lamella. There are two ways to access the infraorbital fat in the transconjunctival lower lid blepharoplasty: the pre-and postseptal approaches.…”
Section: Transconjunctival Approachmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, the periorbital fat also plays an important role in vertical globe position; removal of as little as 0.5 mL of fat may displace the globe 1 mm inferiorly and 2 mm posteriorly. 19 In the older patient with volume loss in the midface, fat repositioning or redraping may be used to correct the descent of midface structures. [26][27][28][29] When repo-sitioning fat, either the supra-or subperiosteal planes are used; both have similar cosmetic results (►Figs.…”
Aging changes to the lower eyelids and midface include pseudoherniated orbital fat, tear trough deformity, lid laxity, and dermatochalasis. Surgical repair often aims at treating redundant skin or orbital fat malposition with a lower eyelid blepharoplasty. Either a transcutaneous or transconjunctival approach may be used, though recent trends have favored the transconjunctival technique if procedures require more than simple skin excision. In manipulating the inferior orbital fat pads, a surgeon has many options including excision, repositioning, or augmentation with synthetic dermal filler, autologous fat grafts, or acellular dermal allografts. The authors review and detail indications, preoperative evaluation, techniques, and complications of lower lid blepharoplasty.
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