Transarterial chemoembolisation for palliative treatment of renal cell carcinoma in two dogs with pulmonary metastasis

Abstract

Two dogs with anorexia and rapid weight loss were referred to our hospital due to a right renal mass and several pulmonary nodules. Both dogs underwent needle core biopsy of the mass, followed by transarterial chemoembolisation of the renal mass. A catheter was inserted from the femoral artery and advanced into the right renal artery. A suspension of carboplatin (100 mg/m 2 ) and equivalent lipiodol was administered via the inserted multipurpose catheter. Immediately after, under fluoroscopic guidance, pulse injections of small amounts of gelatin particles (diameter 1 mm) dissolved in iohexol were administered until complete embolisation of the renal artery. Histopathologic diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma in both dogs. Clinical signs improved for 134 and 358 days after transarterial chemoembolisation. In addition, postoperative radiographs demonstrated a decrease in the tumour size. The dogs died 215 and 525 days after the initial evaluation, respectively. As a palliative treatment, transarterial chemoembolisation might help reduce the tumour volume and improve the quality of life in dogs with renal cell carcinoma and distant metastases.

Antimetastatic effect of intratumoral Treg antagonists in mice with renal cancer

“…In humans, approximately 30-50% of localized tumours progress to metastatic disease, and even after surgery, nearly 40% of patients with localized RCC experience distant metastases (Pavlakis et al, 2004). Similarly, in canine patients, metastases are observed in 69% of cases with renal carcinomas at the time of death (Kimata et al, 2022). This highlights the aggressive nature of RCC and emphasizes the critical need for discovering novel treatment interventions in both human and veterinary medicine.…”

“…Among the relatively rare primary canine renal tumors, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) emerges as the most prevalent subtype (Kimata et al, 2022), while in humans, RCC represents around 3% of all malignancies (European Association of Urology Guidelines, 2023). Canine RCCs are malignant tumours with the potential to metastasize to the lungs, various abdominal organs and lymph nodes (Bryan et al, 2006).…”