Transabdominal Ultrasound Measurement of Pelvic Floor Muscle Mobility in Men With and Without Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

Khorasani, B; Arab, Amir Massoud; Gilani, Mohammad Ali Sedighi; Samadi, Vahid; Assadi, Hamed

doi:10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.026

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…33, 34 Assessment of pelvic floor tension, by monitoring the motility of muscles using ultrasonography, linked increased tension to CPPS. 35 Although there has been some interest in investigating whether pelvic floor tension acts as a causative factor or direct mediator of CPPS, its role in determining patient outcomes has yet to be established. 20 …”

Section: Cpps Symptoms and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune mediators of chronic pelvic pain syndrome

2014

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The cause of chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) has yet to be established. Since the late 1980s, cytokine, chemokine, and immunological classification studies using human samples have focused on identifying biomarkers for CPPS, but no diagnostically beneficial biomarkers have been identified, and these studies have done little to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying chronic prostatic pain. Given the large number of men thought to be affected by this condition and the ineffective nature of current treatments, there is a pressing need to elucidate these mechanisms. Prostatitis types IIIa and IIIb are classified according to the presence of pain without concurrent presence of bacteria; however, it is becoming more evident that, although levels of bacteria are not directly associated with levels of pain, the presence of bacteria might act as the initiating factor that drives primary activation of mast-cell-mediated inflammation in the prostate. Mast cell activation is also known to suppress regulatory T cell (Treg) control of self-tolerance and also activate neural sensitization. This combination of established autoimmunity coupled with peripheral and central neural sensitization can result in the development of multiple symptoms, including pelvic pain and bladder irritation. Identifying these mechanisms as central mediators in CPPS offers new insight into the prospective treatment of the disease.

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Section: Cpps Symptoms and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune mediators of chronic pelvic pain syndrome

2014

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“…Patients with CPPS have been found to have decreased lower pelvic floor mobility due to increased pelvic floor muscle tension [48]; improvements in AUA symptom scores and NIH-CPSI scores were demonstrated after courses of biofeedback and pelvic floor muscle training [49,50]. A small RCT has also demonstrated improvement in symptoms with myofascial physical therapy [51].…”

Section: Treatment Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update in Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndromes

Shah

Ginzburg

Morrissey

et al. 2015

Curr Bladder Dysfunct Rep

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The diagnosis and treatment of chronic pelvic pain have shifted from organ-specific to multifactorial, multidisciplinary, and individualized approach. While many organizations have had diverse outlooks on classification and treatment plans, new research has identified varied clinical phenotypes and updated classification systems. These phenotypes are based on pain, gender, symptomatology, and comorbid pain syndromes. These new classification systems allow a multimodal therapeutic approach and evaluation of patients. Multidisciplinary care, including urology, gynecology, gastroenterology, neurology, psychology, physiotherapy, and pain medicine, is also further recognized for adequate management of patients with chronic pelvic pain because of its variable etiology. The purpose of this review is to emphasize these changes and discuss management strategies.

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“…sympathetic tone or a primary cardiovascular problem in these men. Men with CPPS have on average lower pelvic floor mobility as a result of increased tension [21]. Pelvic floor tension and dysfunction are recognized as likely causes of symptoms [20].…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%