Trans‐Regional Transport of Haze Particles From the North China Plain to Yangtze River Delta During Winter

Jian, Zhang; Yuan, Qi; Liu, Lei; Wang, Yuanyuan; Zhang, Yinxiao; Xu, Liang; Pang, Yuner; Zhu, Yinian; Niu, Hongyu; Shao, Longyi; Liu, Huan; Pan, Xiaole; Shi, Zongbo; Hu, Min; Fu, Pingqing; Li, Weijun

doi:10.1029/2020jd033778

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Compared with the pre-LCD period, the average concentration of SO 2 and NO 2 reduced by 36.4 % and 70.4 % during the LCD, but increased significantly to 9.7 ± 9.1, 35.6 ± 19.9 μg m −3 ( Table 1 ), due to the recovery of industrial production during the post-LCD ( Li et al, 2020a ; Pei et al, 2020 ). As an important tracer of primary combustion emissions ( Zhang et al, 2021 ), CO presented a decreasing trend similar to that of PM 2.5 concentration throughout the LCD ( Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Characteristics and sources of amine-containing particles in the urban atmosphere of Liaocheng, a seriously polluted city in North China during the COVID-19 outbreak

Zheng

Zhou

Wang³

et al. 2021

Environmental Pollution

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The Chinese government issued an unprecedentedly strict lockdown policy to control the spread of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), significantly mitigating air pollution because of the dramatic reduction of industrial and traffic emissions. To explore the impact of COVID-19 lockdown (LCD) on organic aerosols, the mixing states and evolution processes of amine-containing particles were studied using a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer from January to March 2020 in Liaocheng, which is a seriously polluted city in North China. The counts and percentages of amine-containing particles in total obtained particles during the pre-LCD (547832, 29.8 %) were higher than those during the LCD (283983, 20.7 %) and post-LCD (102026, 18.4 %), mainly due to the reduced emission strength of amines and suppressed gas-to-particle partitioning of amines during the LCD and post-LCD. 74 (C 2 H 5 ) 2 NH 2 + was the most abundant amine marker, which accounted for 98.2 %, 98.4 %, and 96.7 % of all amine-containing particles during the pre-LCD, LCD, and post-LCD, respectively. Correlation analysis and temporal variations indicated that the gas-to-particle partitioning of amines was facilitated by the stronger acidic environment and lower temperature, while the effect of RH and aerosol liquid water content was minor. The A-OC particles were the most abundant type (accounting for ∼40 %) throughout the observation period. The temporal profiles and correlation analysis suggested that the impact of the increased O 3 on the amines and their oxidation products (e.g., trimethylamine oxide) was minor. The identified particle types, correlation analysis, and the potential source contribution function results implied that the amine-containing particles were mainly derived from local and surrounding sources during the LCD, while those were mainly affected by long-range transport during the pre-LCD and post-LCD. Our results could deepen the comprehension of the sources and atmospheric processing of amines in the urban area of North China during the COVID-19 outbreak.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Characteristics and sources of amine-containing particles in the urban atmosphere of Liaocheng, a seriously polluted city in North China during the COVID-19 outbreak

Zheng

Zhou

Wang³

et al. 2021

Environmental Pollution

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“…In recent studies, however, the roles of primary aerosol components are also reported in association with LRT process. For example, the effects of primary aerosols (i.e., high BC) on meso-scale meteorological condition in North China Plain and Yangtze River delta in China 55 , and also their association with secondary aerosol formations via heterogeneous reaction process 56 during the long-range transport episodes in China. Such results are indicating the importance of aerosol chemical compositions over the exit area of LRT process, and suggesting that the well-characterized components and its interaction via radiative processes are together the key factors within clouds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also employed satellite observations, the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2), to estimate and evaluate spatiotemporal trends of simulated PM 2.5 in Northeast Asia. MERRA-2 has a resolution of approximately 0.5° × 0.625° and 72 hybrid-eta levels from the surface to 0.1 hPa 55 . The reanalysis data is computed on a latitude–longitude grid at the same spatial resolution using a 3-D variation data assimilation (3DVAR) algorithm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transboundary aerosol transport process and its impact on aerosol-radiation-cloud feedbacks in springtime over Northeast Asia

Lee

Kim

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Northeast Asia has been suffering from dramatic increases of particulate matter (PM) since the late 1990s, and it still continues to undergo haze despite various abating regulations. In this study, we investigated aerosol-cloud-precipitation (ACP) interactions with the varied PM, and the impact of long-range transport (LRT) process on ACP in springtime was assessed in Northeast Asia. Our long-term (1995–2019) analysis of PM10 exhibited the correlation with decreases of both sunshine duration and drizzle occurrences that can be interpreted as direct and indirect aerosol effects, while cloud cover induced by the varied PM10 was found only in more than 90% cloud cover (9/10–10/10 category). The online WRF-Chem with wind-blown dust simulation indicated that cloud water was affected by secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) formation near the surface in upwind areas dominantly, whereas, along the LRT pathway, cloud water perturbation altitudes were increased quasi-linearly toward downward between 1 and 3 km. The gas-to-particle conversion ratios of sulfur ([SO42−]/[SO2 + SO42−]) and nitrogen ([NO3−]/[NO2 + NO3−]) both remain aloft long at the same vertical levels of most perturbed cloud altitude enough to be transported over long distance in springtime. Formations of sulfate and nitrate showed different ACP interaction timing; distinctive shifts in the ratios observed at the exit (Shanghai-Yellow Sea) by nitrate, and entrance areas (Seoul-Tokyo) by sulfate along the LRT pathway, respectively, with higher ratios of 0.8 or more in springtime. Our results indicate that ACP processes have been enhanced at a LRT-related altitude with different SIA production timings that can be considered in species-specific springtime PM abatements over Northeast Asia.

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“…PM2.5 during haze periods was 139.7 ± 47.2 µg m −3 , which was 2.7 times higher than that (52.0 ± 16.5 µg m −3 ) during clean periods. As a reliable primary combustion emission tracer (Zhang et al, 2021), CO exhibited strong positive correlations (R 2 = 0.77) (Fig. S1) with PM2.5 concentration.…”

Section: General Descriptions Of Carbonaceous Species In Pm25mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EC is directly emitted from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and biomass (Shi et al, 2021). OC is not only from the primary emissions, but also is from the atmospheric chemical reactions (Zhang et al, 2014).…”

Section: General Descriptions Of Carbonaceous Species In Pm25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Sources of Organic Aerosol Markers in PM2.5

Zhou

et al. 2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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To investigate the molecular compositions, sources, and evolution processes of organic aerosols (OAs), PM2.5 samples in wintertime were collected in Jinan, a typically polluted city in the North China Plain (NCP). The concentrations of PM2.5, carbonaceous species, and organic components (e.g., sugars, fatty acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and oxygenated-PAHs (OPAHs)) in haze episodes were 1.8-2.7 times higher than those in clean episodes. Levoglucosan was the most abundant saccharide, which exhibited significant correlations with carbonaceous species during the whole sampling period, demonstrating that biomass burning has an important effect on the concentrations of carbonaceous species in PM2.5 of Jinan during wintertime. The higher ratios of both secondary OC/OC (SOC/OC) and C18:1/C18:0 was observed during the clean days than those during haze days, implying that OAs during clean periods were more aged. The higher ratio of OPAHs/PAHs in the daytime reflected the more photochemical formation of OPAHs in the daytime. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) model proved that biomass burning was the major source of OAs during the whole sampling period. Potential source contribution function (PSCF) and concentration-weight trajectory (CWT) results indicating that Shandong Province and Beijing-Tianjing-Hebei (BTH) region made important contribution to the levels of PM2.5 in Jinan during the winter. Moreover, the CWT results showed that OAs during haze periods were largely originated from local and surrounding regions. These results confirmed that biomass burning can significantly influence the concentrations and chemical compositions of OAs, thereby they can affect human health and atmospheric chemistry.

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Trans‐Regional Transport of Haze Particles From the North China Plain to Yangtze River Delta During Winter

Abstract: Because of the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization and rise of economy, China has frequently experienced haze pollution. These haze pollution events profoundly affect human health, such as

Cited by 31 publications

References 114 publications

Characteristics and sources of amine-containing particles in the urban atmosphere of Liaocheng, a seriously polluted city in North China during the COVID-19 outbreak

Characteristics and sources of amine-containing particles in the urban atmosphere of Liaocheng, a seriously polluted city in North China during the COVID-19 outbreak

Transboundary aerosol transport process and its impact on aerosol-radiation-cloud feedbacks in springtime over Northeast Asia

Characteristics and Sources of Organic Aerosol Markers in PM2.5

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