Trans-boundary infrastructure and land cover change: Highway paving and community-level deforestation in a tri-national frontier in the Amazon

Perz, Stephen G.; Qiu, Yuzhuo; Xia, Yibin; Southworth, Jane; Sun, Jing; Marsik, Matthew; Rocha, Karla Marques da; Passos, Veronica; Rojas, Daniel; Alarcón, Gabriel; Barnes, Grenville; Baraloto, Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.01.009

Cited by 66 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For example, new economic opportunities for forest-dependent people are inducing a transition from traditional extractive activities to greater investment in cattle ranching (Salisbury and Schmink 2007;Gomes 2009;Coomes et al 2016). In addition, trans-boundary road connectivity through the southwestern Amazon, although relatively recent, is already leading to forest conversion in this key Brazil nut-producing region (Southworth et al 2011;Perz et al 2013). Moreover, market fluctuations in Brazil nut prices (which remove incentives for producers to maintain production) and policy failures (such as when governments do not defend extractivist property rights or introduce regulations that undercut harvesters; e.g., Perales and Guariguata 2015), are worrisome.…”

Section: The Resource Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remote sensing studies suggest that at present, Brazil nut-rich forests can be robust to conversion to non-forest uses such as in southwestern Amazonia (Perz et al 2013). However, on-the-ground assessments indicate that forest permanence is contingent on a variety of current and historical factors that generate particular livelihood outcomes.…”

Section: Understanding Livelihood Strategies and Drivers Of Populatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revisiting the ‘cornerstone of Amazonian conservation’: a socioecological assessment of Brazil nut exploitation

et al. 2017

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The Brazil nut (the seeds of the rainforest tree Bertholletia excelsa) is the only globally traded seed collected from the wild by forest-based harvesters across the Amazon basin. The large geographic scale of Brazil nut exploitation and the significant contributions to local livelihoods, national economies, and forest-based development over the last decades, merit a review of the ''conservation-through-use'' paradigm. We use Elinor Ostrom's framework for assessing sustainability in socioecological systems: (1) resource unit, (2) users, (3) governance system, and (4) resource system, to determine how different contexts and external developments generate specific conservation and development outcomes. We find that the resource unit reacts robustly to the type and level of extraction currently practiced; that resource users have built on a self-organized system that had defined boundaries and access to the resource; that linked production chains, market networks and informal financing work to supply global markets; and that local harvesters have used supporting alliances with NGOs and conservationists to formalize and secure their endogenous governance system and make it more equitable. As a result, the Brazil nut model represents a socioecological system that may not require major changes to sustain productivity. Yet since long-term Brazil nut production seems inextricably tied to a continuous forest cover, and because planted Brazil nut trees currently provide a minimal contribution to total nut production basin-wide, we call to preserve, diversify and intensify production in Brazil nut-rich forests that will inevitably become ever more integrated within human-modified landscapes over time.

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Section: The Resource Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Understanding Livelihood Strategies and Drivers Of Populatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the ‘cornerstone of Amazonian conservation’: a socioecological assessment of Brazil nut exploitation

et al. 2017

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“…Roads and their construction directly affect plant growth by nitrogen deposition (Lee et al 2012), heavy metal pollution (Kluge and Wessolek 2012), and soil erosion (Dong et al 2012). Roads and railways drastically change Hazards (2015Hazards ( ) 77:1993Hazards ( -2004Hazards ( 2001 patterns of land use (Cui and Graf 2009;Perz et al 2013), indirectly alter landscapes, and disturb habitat fragmentation (Hawbaker and Radeloff 2004). In addition, road and railway construction may have indirect effects on water balance and microclimates (Sheridan and Noske 2007).…”

Section: The Driving Forces Of Oasis Desertification Due To Pipeline mentioning

confidence: 99%

How does pipeline construction affect land desertification? A case study in northwest China

et al. 2015

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The expansion of large pipelines can strongly affect fragile ecosystems in arid regions. However, the issue of oasis desertification due to pipeline construction has rarely been addressed. In this study, three parallel pipelines routed through the Zhangye Oasis located in the middle Heihe River Basin in northwest China were chosen as a case study, and the intensity and extent of the pipeline construction disturbances on oasis desertification were evaluated using satellite images. The results indicated that land desertification increased from 20,427 ha before the pipeline disturbance to 26,312 ha after the construction in the 5000-m buffer zone. The relative rate of land desertification was used to identify the cumulative impact of pipeline disturbance. The threshold distance of the first pipeline's disturbance was 2000-3000 m. However, after the second and third pipeline installations, the threshold extended to 3000-4000 m, which may result from the cumulative impact of the incremental projects. The disappearance of soil and vegetation, and rivers across was the direct impacts of the pipelines' construction on oasis desertification. Cutting and grazing along the ancillary road made for increasing reclamation led to indirect impacts of the pipelines' construction on oasis degradation. To reduce the effects of pipeline disturbance on oasis desertification, the implementation of mitigation measures such as backfilling the removed soil, recovery of the local vegetation, retirement of the degraded cropland, limitation of ancillary roads, and cross-river cofferdam diversions are recommended for the environmental management of pipeline projects.

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“…El tamaño de una concesión castañera en Madre de Dios varía entre 39 y 3900 ha (promedio: 850 ha). Varios investigadores han notado bajas tasas de deforestación alrededor y dentro de las concesiones, lo que resalta su valor de conservación (Perz et al 2013, Scullion et al 2014). …”

Section: Métodosunclassified

La producción de castaña (Bertholletia excelsa) en el contexto de la extracción de madera en Madre de Dios, Perú: Implicaciones para promover un manejo integrado del bosque

Guariguata¹,

Rockwell²

2015

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La producción de castaña (Bertholletia excelsa) en el contexto de la extracción de madera en Madre de Dios, Perú Implicaciones para promover un manejo integrado del bosque Manuel R. Guariguata y Cara A. Rockwell Mensajes clave• En el trópico húmedo, y particularmente en Perú, existen muy pocos estudios que aporten conocimiento para integrar la extracción de madera con productos forestales no maderables. En particular, este estudio evaluó la influencia de la tala selectiva de madera sobre la producción de frutos y semillas del árbol de castaña (Bertholletia excelsa) en el departamento de Madre de Dios en Perú.• El estudio se llevó a cabo en cinco concesiones castañeras con una cobertura acumulada de cerca de 4000 ha de bosque durante la zafra de 2012 y de 2013. Se mapearon todos los claros de tala recientes (hasta 5 años de edad) y se estudió la producción individual de frutos y semillas en 499 árboles de castaña ≥ 40 cm de diámetro seleccionados al azar de una muestra de más de 1000 árboles.• Se encontró que la distancia al claro de tala más cercano no influyó estadísticamente ni en la producción de frutos ni en el peso total de semillas de castaña por árbol cuando las intensidades de madereo no sobrepasaron los 1-2 árboles por hectárea. A intensidades mayores, podría haber un efecto negativo en la producción de castaña.• No obstante la sostenibilidad a largo plazo de sistemas forestales integrados depende de una serie de interacciones del ámbito socioeconómico y normativo, el presente estudio provee información biofísica esencial para promover una visión integrada del uso de madera y castaña. La aplicación de técnicas de tala de impacto reducido, simplificar e integrar los mecanismos regulatorios de madera y castaña, y generar inventarios confiables de especies maderables en las concesiones castañeras, son pasos necesarios para planificar un manejo integrado y simplificado de este importante ecosistema en beneficio de las comunidades locales. IntroducciónLa madera, dada su alta rentabilidad, opaca con frecuencia otros componentes de la gama de usos del bosque tropical. En contraste, el concepto del manejo forestal para uso múltiple (Panayotou y Ashton 1992) reconoce la naturaleza compleja de estrategias diversificadas y subraya la importancia de ver más allá de la madera como el único objetivo del manejo (García- Sin embargo, desde el punto de vista del manejo forestal formal, implementar objetivos de uso múltiple permanece con serios vacíos de investigación en el trópico húmedo. El concepto de manejo forestal de uso múltiple es difícil de implementar debido a factores económicos, técnicos y administrativos que a veces ejercen fuerzas opuestas (Sabogal et al. 2013). En el caso específico de castaña y madera, tales barreras en promover la compatibilidad de usos ya habían sido identificadas en sus dimensiones institucionales, biofísicas y regulatorias (ver Duchelle et al. 2013). Pero desde una perspectiva eminentemente ecológica, el presente estudio se propuso responder la pregunta: ¿se puede cosechar madera sele...

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Trans-boundary infrastructure and land cover change: Highway paving and community-level deforestation in a tri-national frontier in the Amazon

Cited by 66 publications

References 39 publications

Revisiting the ‘cornerstone of Amazonian conservation’: a socioecological assessment of Brazil nut exploitation

Revisiting the ‘cornerstone of Amazonian conservation’: a socioecological assessment of Brazil nut exploitation

How does pipeline construction affect land desertification? A case study in northwest China

La producción de castaña (Bertholletia excelsa) en el contexto de la extracción de madera en Madre de Dios, Perú: Implicaciones para promover un manejo integrado del bosque

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Trans-boundary infrastructure and land cover change: Highway paving and community-level deforestation in a tri-national frontier in the Amazon

Cited by 66 publications

References 39 publications

Revisiting the ‘cornerstone of Amazonian conservation’: a socioecological assessment of Brazil nut exploitation

Revisiting the ‘cornerstone of Amazonian conservation’: a socioecological assessment of Brazil nut exploitation

How does pipeline construction affect land desertification? A case study in northwest China

La producci&oacute;n de casta&ntilde;a (Bertholletia excelsa) en el contexto de la extracci&oacute;n de madera en Madre de Dios, Per&uacute;: Implicaciones para promover un manejo integrado del bosque

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La producción de castaña (Bertholletia excelsa) en el contexto de la extracción de madera en Madre de Dios, Perú: Implicaciones para promover un manejo integrado del bosque