Trajectory analysis of atmospheric transport of fine particles, SO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;, NO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;x&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; and O&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; to the SMEAR II station in Finland in 1996–2008

Riuttanen, Laura; Hulkkonen, Mira; Maso, Miikka Dal; Junninen, Heikki; Kulmala, Markku

doi:10.5194/acp-13-2153-2013

Cited by 46 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The used values of aerosol lifetimes are similar to another study by Riuttanen et al (2013). The total deposition loss of aerosol mass (dM loss (t)) in each t hol can then be estimated by the particle-size distributions of deposited particles, assuming spherical particles and using the same particle density.…”

Section: Particle Loss From Particle-size Distribution Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Temperature influence on the natural aerosol budget over boreal forests

et al. 2014

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Abstract. We investigated the natural aerosol evolution of biogenic monoterpene emissions over the northern boreal forest area as a function of temperature using long-term field measurements of aerosol size distributions and back trajectories at two SMEAR (Station for Measuring EcosystemAtmosphere Relations) stations, SMEAR I and SMEAR II, in Finland. Similar to earlier studies, we found that new particles were formed via nucleation when originally clean air from the ocean entered the land, after which these particles continuously grew to larger sizes during the air mass transport. Both the travelling hour over land and temperature influenced the evolution of the particle number size distribution and aerosol mass yield from biogenic emissions. Average concentrations of nucleation mode particles were higher at lower temperatures, whereas the opposite was true for accumulation mode particles. Thus, more cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) may be formed at higher temperatures. The overall apparent aerosol yield, derived from the aerosol masses against accumulated monoterpene emissions, ranges from 13 to 37 % with a minor, yet complicating, temperature dependence.

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Section: Particle Loss From Particle-size Distribution Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Temperature influence on the natural aerosol budget over boreal forests

et al. 2014

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“…Snow on the ground during winter months is common at our measurement site, and the site can receive transported pollutants from nearby cities (e.g. Tampere and Helsinki) and continental areas (Riuttanen et al, 2013).…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of ozone depletion events in a Finnish boreal forest

et al. 2018

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Abstract. We investigated the concentrations and vertical profiles of ozone over a 20-year period (1996-2016) at the SMEAR II station in southern Finland. Our results showed that the typical daily median ozone concentrations were in the range of 20-50 ppb with clear diurnal and annual patterns. In general, the profile of ozone concentrations illustrated an increase as a function of heights. The main aim of our study was to address the frequency and strength of ozone depletion events at this boreal forest site. We observed more than a thousand of 10 min periods at 4.2 m, with ozone concentrations below 10 ppb, and a few tens of cases with ozone concentrations below 2 ppb. Among these observations, a number of ozone depletion events that lasted for more than 3 h were identified, and they occurred mainly in autumn and winter months. The low ozone concentrations were likely related to the formation of a low mixing layer under the conditions of low temperatures, low wind speeds, high relative humidities and limited intensity of solar radiation.

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“…This is typically connected to clean air arriving from the west and more polluted air originating from central and eastern Europe, directly influencing the sink for newly formed particles. However, in air masses originating from the south and south-east to Hyytiälä, SO 2 concentrations are typically higher than in westerly air masses, which would favour NPF due to a higher production rate of sulfuric acid (Riuttanen et al, 2013). Table 2 summarizes the criteria used for making the NPF forecasts.…”

Section: Npf Event Forecasts and Nucleation Probability Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical note: New particle formation event forecasts during PEGASOS–Zeppelin Northern mission 2013 in Hyytiälä, Finland

et al. 2015

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Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) occurs frequently in the global atmosphere. During recent years, detailed laboratory experiments combined with intensive field observations in different locations have provided insights into the vapours responsible for the initial formation of particles and their subsequent growth. In this regard, the importance of sulfuric acid, stabilizing bases such as ammonia and amines as well as extremely low volatile organics, have been proposed. The instrumentation to observe freshly formed aerosol particles has developed to a stage where the instruments can be implemented as part of airborne platforms, such as aircrafts or a Zeppelin-type airship. Flight measurements are technically more demanding and require a greater detail of planning than field studies at the ground level. The high cost of flight hours, limited time available during a single research flight for the measurements, and different instrument payloads in Zeppelin airship for various flight missions demanded an analysis tool that would forecast whether or not there is a good chance for an NPF event. Here we present a methodology to forecast NPF event probability at the SMEAR II site in Hyytiälä, Finland. This methodology was used to optimize flight hours during the PEGASOS (Pan-European Gas Aerosol Climate Interaction Study)-Zeppelin Northern mission in May-June 2013. Based on the existing knowledge, we derived a method for estimating the nucleation probability that utilizes forecast air mass trajectories, weather forecasts, and air quality model predictions. With the forecast tool we were able to predict the occurrence of NPF events for the next day with more than 90 % success rate (10 out of 11 NPF event days correctly predicted). To our knowledge, no similar forecasts of NPF occurrence have been developed for other sites. This method of forecasting NPF occurrence could be applied also at other locations, provided that long-term observations of conditions favouring particle formation are available.

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Trajectory analysis of atmospheric transport of fine particles, SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>x</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> to the SMEAR II station in Finland in 1996–2008

Cited by 46 publications

References 36 publications

Temperature influence on the natural aerosol budget over boreal forests

Temperature influence on the natural aerosol budget over boreal forests

Observations of ozone depletion events in a Finnish boreal forest

Technical note: New particle formation event forecasts during PEGASOS–Zeppelin Northern mission 2013 in Hyytiälä, Finland

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