Trajectories of Mismatch Negativity and P3a Amplitude Development From Ages 9 to 16 Years in Children With Risk Factors for Schizophrenia

Laurens, Kristin R.; Murphy, Jamie; Dickson, Hannah; Roberts, Ruth E.; Gutteridge, Tiffany P.

doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.07.012

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Bayes factors indicated anecdotal to moderate evidence against differences among groups, in line with a previous study. 45 This result differs from our previous MMN analysis which only included 131 individuals of the final sample and yielded a moderate evidence in favor of a group difference in MMN responses between children at FHR when compared to PBC children. 45 This shift in the sign of evidence indicates that the degree of uncertainty is too high to reliably infer whether or not the MMN amplitude is affected in children at FHR of severe mental illness.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 94%

Children at Familial High risk of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Exhibit Altered Connectivity Patterns During Pre-attentive Processing of an Auditory Prediction Error

Larsen

Madsen

Themaat

et al. 2023

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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Background and Hypothesis Individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder have attenuated auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) responses, indicating impaired sensory information processing. Computational models of effective connectivity between brain areas underlying MMN responses show reduced connectivity between fronto-temporal areas in individuals with schizophrenia. Here we ask whether children at familial high risk (FHR) of developing a serious mental disorder show similar alterations. Study Design We recruited 67 children at FHR for schizophrenia, 47 children at FHR for bipolar disorder as well as 59 matched population-based controls from the Danish High Risk and Resilience study. The 11–12-year-old participants engaged in a classical auditory MMN paradigm with deviations in frequency, duration, or frequency and duration, while we recorded their EEG. We used dynamic causal modeling (DCM) to infer on the effective connectivity between brain areas underlying MMN. Study Results DCM yielded strong evidence for differences in effective connectivity among groups in connections from right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) to right superior temporal gyrus (STG), along with differences in intrinsic connectivity within primary auditory cortex (A1). Critically, the 2 high-risk groups differed in intrinsic connectivity in left STG and IFG as well as effective connectivity from right A1 to right STG. Results persisted even when controlling for past or present psychiatric diagnoses. Conclusions We provide novel evidence that connectivity underlying MMN responses in children at FHR for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is altered at the age of 11–12, echoing findings that have been found in individuals with manifest schizophrenia.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 94%

Children at Familial High risk of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Exhibit Altered Connectivity Patterns During Pre-attentive Processing of an Auditory Prediction Error

Larsen

Madsen

Themaat

et al. 2023

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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“…Both schizophrenia and NMDA receptor antagonist-mediated psychosis are hallmarked by reduced mismatch negativity (MMN), an event-related auditory potential [112,113]. MMN has also been found to characteristically deviate in children at risk of developing schizophrenia, suggesting that the disorder-related alterations in brain function originate early in life [114]. In fact, many of the abovementioned impairments in brain function have been shown to manifest in at-risk individuals before conversion to psychosis and more strongly in those who display conversion to psychosis in the future compared with those who will not [108,109,115] (Box 3).…”

Section: Brain Functional Development In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

The iPSC perspective on schizophrenia

Räsänen

Tiihonen

Koskuvi

et al. 2022

Trends in Neurosciences

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“…Supporting the view for two separate types of P3a, it seems that there are two lines of developmental trajectory for P3a magnitude, depending on the quality of the stimuli. According to some longitudinal [ 83 – 85 ] and cross-sectional [ 10 , 86 ] studies, it appears that the magnitude increases, or matures towards adult-like positivity for small deviations in an auditory sound stream in childhood [ 83 , 84 ], continuing into late adolescence [ 10 , 85 , 86 ]. Although some cross-sectional studies have shown contradicting results (decrease [ 68 , 87 ] or no change [ 88 , 89 ] in P3a magnitude with age), evidence from longitudinal studies seems to suggest that with small deviations in e.g., frequencies or phonemes, the threshold for discrimination decreases with age, possibly reflecting more efficient auditory detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s inhibition skills are associated with their P3a latency—results from an exploratory study

et al. 2022

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Background The P3a response is thought to reflect involuntary orienting to an unexpected stimulus and has been connected with set-shifting and inhibition in some studies. In our exploratory study, we investigated if the amplitude and the latency of the P3a response were associated with the performance in a modified flanker task measuring inhibition and set-shifting in 10-year-old children (N = 42). Children participated in electroencephalography (EEG) measurement with an auditory multifeature paradigm including standard, deviating, and novel sounds. In addition, they performed a separate flanker task requiring inhibition and set-shifting skills. Results The P3a latencies for deviant sounds were associated with the reaction time reflecting inhibition: the shorter the response latencies were, the faster the reaction time was. The P3a latencies for novel sounds were not linked to the reaction times reflecting either inhibition or set-shifting. In addition, the magnitude of the P3a response was not associated with the performance in the flanker task. Conclusions Our results suggest that P3a response latency and reaction speed reflecting inhibitory skills are based on shared neural mechanism. Thus, the present study brings new insight to the field investigating the associations between behavior and its neural indices.

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Trajectories of Mismatch Negativity and P3a Amplitude Development From Ages 9 to 16 Years in Children With Risk Factors for Schizophrenia

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Children at Familial High risk of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Exhibit Altered Connectivity Patterns During Pre-attentive Processing of an Auditory Prediction Error

Children at Familial High risk of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Exhibit Altered Connectivity Patterns During Pre-attentive Processing of an Auditory Prediction Error

The iPSC perspective on schizophrenia

Children’s inhibition skills are associated with their P3a latency—results from an exploratory study

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