Trajectories of family management practices and early adolescent behavioral outcomes.

Abstract

Stage– environment fit theory was used to examine the reciprocal lagged relations between family management practices and early adolescent problem behavior during the middle school years. In addition, the potential moderating roles of family structure and of gender were explored. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to describe patterns of growth in family management practices and adolescents’ behavioral outcomes and to detect predictors of interindividual differences in initial status and rate of change. The sample comprised approximately 1,000 adolescents between ages 11 years and 15 years. The results indicated that adolescents’ antisocial behaviors and substance use increased and their positive behavioral engagement decreased over time. As adolescent age increased, parental knowledge of their adolescent’s activities decreased, as did parental rule making and support. The level and rate of change in family management and adolescent behavioral outcomes varied by family structure and by gender. Reciprocal longitudinal associations between parenting practices and adolescent problem behavior were found. Specifically, parenting practices predicted subsequent adolescent behavior, and adolescent behavior predicted subsequent parenting practices. In addition, parental warmth moderated the effects of parental knowledge and rule making on adolescent antisocial behavior and substance use over time.

Parenting and Parental Involvement in Secondary School: Focus Groups with Adolescents’ Parents

“…Concerning this matter, Shumow and Lomax (2002) also highlighted that parents of older adolescents believed they had less control over peer influences and community resources than parents of younger adolescents. In fact, as adolescence evolves the relationship with peers changes and the influence of other contexts become more pervasive, implicating a change in the role played by parents as well (Brown & Bakken, 2011;Collins & Laursen, 2004;Wang et al, 2011). However, as Holmbeck et al (1995) affirmed, besides parents' concerns about the loss of control, they still are the adolescents' primary source of influences regarding values, goals to accomplish and decision-making, which was in line with Barni et al (2011) empirical assumptions about the adolescent's acceptance of parents' values.…”

Gender Difference in the Influence of Family Interaction and Parenting Behaviours on Youth Sexual Intention

“…This is further supported by a recent local study conducted among school students aged 14 to 16 years in Selangor, one of the states in Malaysia, which showed that authoritative parenting was the most common parenting behaviour experienced by the youths (Kiadarbandsari et al 2016). The moderate level of parental control is an expected behaviour, as parents tend to be less controlling in older children (Wang et al 2011). Furthermore, in the Malaysian context, people above 18 years of age are legally considered as adults and allowed to make their own decisions.…”

“…Children have freedom to decide on their activities and they seem to be detached from their parents. Notably, parenting style changes with time and parents tend to be less demanding and controlling as the children grow (Wang et al 2011).…”

Adult Outcomes for Children and Adolescents With EBD

“…Unfortunately, parents of students with EBD may be avoidant of contact with the school because past interactions may have been contentious and challenging (Wang, Dishion, Stormshak, & Willett, 2011). Although accusations are counterproductive and raise tension, professionals tend to blame parents for children's behavior problems (Hinshaw, 2005) to such a degree that as a group, parents of children with EBD are viewed unidimensionally as either inadequate caregivers or directly contributory to their children's problems (Home, 2008;Northey, Wells, Silverman, & Bailey, 2003).…”

“…Although accusations are counterproductive and raise tension, professionals tend to blame parents for children's behavior problems (Hinshaw, 2005) to such a degree that as a group, parents of children with EBD are viewed unidimensionally as either inadequate caregivers or directly contributory to their children's problems (Home, 2008;Northey, Wells, Silverman, & Bailey, 2003). However, little research has examined the ecological impact a child with EBD has on the family and the family's functioning (Wang et al, 2011). Children and adolescents who fit either the IDEIA or DSM definitions of emotional and behavioral problems present challenging behavior problems for their parents (M. I.…”