“…Liquid jets in air have been studied extensively as they have wide applications in hydraulic structures (Chanson, 2009;Pfister et al, 2014), sewer dropshafts Camino et al, 2015), fountains, irrigation, fire extinction, atmosphere cleaning, industrial painting or printing, chemical reactors, atomization and spray, among others (Lefebvre, 2000;Surma and Friedel, 2004;Dumouchel, 2008;Chanson, 2009;Gowing et al, 2010;Osta et al, 2012). Most of the studies concentrated on liquid-air multiphase flow properties near the injection nozzle (near-field) such as liquid jet breakup, instability analysis, drop or spray formation, and multiphase flow dynamics (e.g., Bogy, 1979;Hoyt et al, 1974;Faeth et al, 1995;Sallam et al, 2002;Birouk and Lekic, 2009;Portillo et al, 2011).…”