“…The phytotoxicity of OMWs is mainly attributed to their phenolic Study of the Phytotoxicity of Olive Mill Wastewater on Germination and Vegetative Growth -Case of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) content as well as the presence of other organic compounds such as aldehydes and short-chain fatty acids [Shabir and al., 2022], so they must require treatment before discharge into the receiving environment. Several studies have focused on the treatment processes of OMW, such as biological (aerobic, anaerobic) [Enaime and al., 2020; M. Rusan and al., 2016], physico-chemical (coagulation/ floculation, membrane filtration,...) al., 2016, 2017;al., 2010, 2009], thermal (incineration, evaporation...) and distillation neutralization [Ouabou and al., 2014;Rusan and Malkawi, 2016]. However, the richness of OMW in organic matter and soil fertilizing elements, namely, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg) [Chaari and al., 2015;Dakhli and Maalej, 2017], allows these effluents to be recycled as eco-fertilizers at a lower cost for soils, as well as a source of irrigation water in the Mediterranean countries suffering from water scarcity and soil degradation [Ahmali and al., 2020;Belaqziz and al., 2016; de los Santos and al., 2019; al., 2013, 2006;Piotrowska and al., 2011].…”