Traitement antiparasitaire des maladies parodontales et péri-implantites : suivi multicentrique à 12 mois

Bonner, Mark; Amard, Véronique; Verdy, Marion; Amiot, Pierre; Marty, Mathieu; Rochet, J. M.; Ihler, Serge

doi:10.1051/aos/2013104

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Assuming these parasites were responsible for periodontal disease, he implemented a new therapeutic protocol, including oxygen peroxide and metronidazole [ 15 ]. This was effective, as confirmed by a recent study [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Detection of the amoebaEntamoeba gingivalisin periodontal pockets

Bonner¹,

Amard²,

Bar-Pinatel³

et al. 2014

Parasite

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Periodontitis is a public health issue, being one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. However, the aetiology of the disease is still unclear: genetics of patients cannot explain the dispersed or isolated localisation of gingival pockets, while bacteria-based models are insufficient to distinguish gingivitis and periodontitis. The possible role of parasites in the establishment of periodontitis has been poorly studied until now. The aim of this project was to study a potential link between colonisation of gingival crevices by the amoeba Entamoeba gingivalis and periodontitis. In eight different dental clinics in France, samples were taken in periodontal pockets (72) or healthy sites (33), and submitted to microscopic observation and molecular identification by PCR with a new set of primers designed to specifically detect E. gingivalis. This blind sample analysis showed the strong sensitivity of PCR compared with clinical diagnosis (58/72 = 81%), and microscopy (51/65 = 78%). The results of this work show that the parasites detected by microscopy mainly – if not exclusively – belong to the species E. gingivalis and that the presence of the parasite is correlated with periodontitis.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Detection of the amoebaEntamoeba gingivalisin periodontal pockets

Bonner¹,

Amard²,

Bar-Pinatel³

et al. 2014

Parasite

Self Cite

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“…Consistent with a role for E. gingivalis in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, inhibiting the growth of this parasite has beneficial effects. Specifically, anti-protozoan treatments, in particular metronidazole, correlate with a more favorable prognosis [31][32][33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our microscopic investigations also support previous findings [16,34,35], as E. gingivalis is found in the majority of patients suffering from periodontal disease and is relatively absent in healthy or gingivitis patients. Strict topical and systemic pharmaceutical elimination of parasites accompanied by good hygiene habits generally lead to a cessation of bleeding, the elimination of pus and gingival healing, with a 95% pocket depth closure [31]. Clinical improvement is associated with the disappearance of inflammatory cells and reappearance of normal Green complex flora [24,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopy Analyses Reveal the Parasitism of Entamoeba gingivalis in Periodontitis: An Observational Study

Bonner¹

2022

JDOMS

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Background: Whereas the periodontal microbiota is well described, its non-bacterial component needs a better understanding. Metagenomic analyses show a strong increase of the protozoan Entamoeba gingivalis in inflamed periodontal pockets. Its presence is associated with periodontal deterioration and pockets typically 3mm or more in depth. The aim of this study is to observe the amoeba within the biofilm during active disease. Materials and Methods: Here, we present results of a phase contrast microscopy-based observation of amoebae in periodontal patients’ subgingival plaque from infected sulcus. Plaque samples from deepest part of sulcus are picked up and spread out between blade and coverslip in patient saliva medium. We relate significant behavior of the parasite during active periodontal disease. Results: From low power observation, parasite is quite frequent. Once targeted, high power observation confirms amoeban anatomy and presence. We observed a high degree of amoeba locomotion and movements toward specific environments within the subgingival plaque. This was accompanied by the formation of “channels” within the biofilm. We also present evidence of adhesion to human cells as well as characteristically parasitic behavior. Specifically, we observed the intrusion of amoeba pseudopods into leukocytes coupled with a decrease in leukocyte intracellular granular activity. We documented both single trogocytic processes and trogocytosis through multiple pseudopods. In addition to leukocytes, we also observed trogocytosis of red blood cells. Parasitic behavior was also evident from the observation of amoebae digesting the nuclei of multiple vacuolar white blood cells, simultaneously. Following trogocytosis, polynuclear neutrophils had the appearance of ghost cells. Finally, we show evidence for amoeba nesting and reproduction within periodontal pockets. Conclusion: Phase contrast microscopy of periodontal biofilms strongly suggests that E. gingivalis escapes the first lines of innate defenses and promotes a pathological state. Trogocytosis and exonucleophagy processes targeting neutrophils could consequently disrupt neutrophil extracellular traps activity and normal apoptotic function, a vital component of wound healing. This study points to Entamoeba gingivalis as a microbe involved in the inflammatory process during periodontitis and as a driver of the disease rather than a harmless commensal species.

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Oral and Dental Infections: Parasites

Santi-Rocca¹

2022

Encyclopedia of Infection and Immunity

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Traitement antiparasitaire des maladies parodontales et péri-implantites : suivi multicentrique à 12 mois

Abstract: 22Traitement antiparasitaire des maladies parodontales et péri-implantites : suivi multicentrique à 12 mois

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Detection of the amoebaEntamoeba gingivalisin periodontal pockets

Detection of the amoebaEntamoeba gingivalisin periodontal pockets

Microscopy Analyses Reveal the Parasitism of Entamoeba gingivalis in Periodontitis: An Observational Study

Oral and Dental Infections: Parasites

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