Trait emotional intelligence and emotional experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Poland: A daily diary study

Moroń, Marcin; Biolik-Moroń, Magdalena

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110348

Cited by 122 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The discrete negative emotions approach is more informative for describing the emotional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the overall measurement of negative emotions (Moron and Biolik-Moron 2021). Consistent with recent studies (Li et al 2020;Moron and Biolik-Moron 2021;Wang et al 2021), our results showed that the levels of fear and anger during the COVID-19 pandemic were signi cantly higher than those before. However, it should be noted that the enhanced fear and anger during the epidemic are likely derived from different sources.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Meanwhile, the data collection for the during-COVID-19 variables was only during the Spring Festival. Men are more likely than women to enjoy leisure time on holidays (Moron and Biolik-Moron 2021), which may explain their lower overall negative emotions in our study. However, these are speculations, and the role of other variables in this gender difference, such as coping strategies and emotional regulation during the COVID-19 pandemic, needs to be further examined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…However, it should be noted that the enhanced fear and anger during the epidemic are likely derived from different sources. Speci cally, fear is the core emotional response to an impending risk of viral infection (Moron and Biolik-Moron 2021;Schimmenti et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The public has been exposed to a considerable stressor that is the COVID-19 pandemic (Wang et al 2021). The pandemic has signi cantly reduced positive emotions and increased negative emotions, especially fear and anger (Huang et al 2020;Li et al 2020;Moron and Biolik-Moron 2021;Wang et al 2021). Meanwhile, ASD is associated with an increased risk of pathogen infection or disease related to immune system malfunctions (Masi et al 2015;Saresella et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is a lack of description of whether individuals with high ATs exhibit distinct responses to COVID-19 and of the role of gender. Based on a quasi-experimental between-participants design, which has been used to examine the changes in dreams and self-concept before and during COVID-19/COVID-19 lockdown (Barrett 2020;González-Valero et al 2020), the present study rst compared the changes in positive and negative emotions measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) (Watsonet al 1988), as well as anger (Irritable) and fear (Scared and Afraid) in the negative emotions subscale that seem to be particularly sensitive to the emotional impact of COVID-19 (Li et al 2020;Moron and Biolik-Moron 2021), before and during the COVID-19 outbreak. Moreover, we further explored the moderating effect of ATs and gender on the emotional impacts of COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autistic traits and gender modulate emotion changes before and during the COVID-19 outbreak: a preliminary evidence based on quasi-experimental design

Zhao¹,

Zhao²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show an enhanced response to stressors, and gender plays an important role in stress response. Thus, autistic traits (ATs) in the general population and gender may regulate the emotion changes before and during the outbreak of COVID-19. The present study addressed this issue through a participants between quasi-experimental design, in which the epidemic status (before, during), gender (male, female), and AT groups (high ATs, low ATs) were independent variables, and positive and negative emotions were dependent variables. We used generalized linear models to estimate the effects of the independent variables and their interactions on emotions. The results showed that the COVID-19 outbreak reduced positive emotions and increased fear and anger. Furthermore, compared with before the COVID-19 outbreak, individuals with high ATs and females experienced stronger anger and fear than individuals with low ATs and males during the epidemic. The present study revealed the emotional impacts of COVID-19 and greater emotional susceptibility to COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with high ATs and females. Our findings provide prospective evidence for understanding the ASD/ATs-related enhanced response to pathogen threat-related stressors and have implications for COVID-19 crisis interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Autistic traits and gender modulate emotion changes before and during the COVID-19 outbreak: a preliminary evidence based on quasi-experimental design

Zhao¹,

Zhao²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Emotional intelligence training as a protective factor for mental health during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Persich

Smith

Woods-Lubbert

et al. 2021

Depression and Anxiety

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Introduction The COVID‐19 pandemic has presented a major challenge to mental health and emotional wellbeing. The present study examined whether training in emotional intelligence (EI) skills, provided before the pandemic, would serve as a protective factor for sustaining mental health during the COVID‐19 crisis. Methods Data came from a longitudinal study ( N = 89) that was initially designed to test the effectiveness of an EI training program versus a non‐emotion‐focused placebo program. The design and timing of the study were such that baseline and posttraining assessments of depression and anxiety had been completed before the pandemic, and planned 6‐month follow‐ups were serendipitously scheduled to occur after the onset of the COVID‐19 crisis. This provided us with an unexpected real‐world opportunity to investigate whether EI training would bolster emotional resilience to the challenges posed by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Results Although mental health concerns generally increased after the start of the pandemic, individuals who completed the EI training program scored lower on depression, suicidal ideation, and state anxiety relative to individuals who had been assigned to the placebo training program. Conclusion Online EI training appears to be effective at sustaining critical aspects of mental health during a subsequent real‐life crisis.

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Lockdown in Chinese university dormitories: Significant increase in negative feelings and time perception distortion

Wang

et al. 2022

Psychology in the Schools

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The COVID‐19 pandemic has led to a global crisis resulting in lockdowns worldwide. Studies found that these could amplify negative affects predictive of disturbances in time perception. However, all existing studies on this topic concentrated on the general population during a lockdown at home. There was no research on university students living in dormitories. This study fills a gap in the literature by investigating the affective states and awareness of the passage of time of Chinese university students during an exceptional dormitory lockdown. Using a snowball sampling approach, this web‐based study recruited 225 volunteers (136 girls, 17−27 years old) during a dormitory lockdown. The online survey consisted of questions on demographic information, affective states (the Chinese version of the depression anxiety stress scales‐21 (DASS‐21) on depression, anxiety, and stress), and sense of the passage of time (the translated version of the assessment of passage of time over daily, weekly and yearly periods). The researchers shared the questionnaire link via the social media application WeChat. The study applied descriptive statistics and column charts to represent students' affective states and sense of the passage of time under extreme conditions and Pearson's correlation analysis to examine the impact of affective states on their sense of time. The study's results indicate that the dormitory lockdown caused a significant increase in all depression, anxiety, and stress categories of the DASS‐21, as well as a distortion of the sense of time passing. However, the direction of the distortion differed from that in previous studies. Moreover, a Pearson correlation analysis showed that none of the three negative affects could be associated with students' sense of time. The findings of this study indicate an increased vulnerability of students due to the lockdown. Their emotions were strongly affected, requiring particular interventions to preserve their mental well‐being. In addition, they showed a different distortion direction of time passage. Finally, they differed in the correlations between negative affect and the sense of passage of time compared to the general population in lockdown at home. This shows a need to investigate the impact of psychological states on students' routines and quality of life in emergencies. This study's scope should be expanded by incorporating additional factors pertaining to the passage of time and by integrating cross‐cultural comparisons.

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Trait emotional intelligence and emotional experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Poland: A daily diary study

Cited by 122 publications

References 83 publications

Autistic traits and gender modulate emotion changes before and during the COVID-19 outbreak: a preliminary evidence based on quasi-experimental design

Autistic traits and gender modulate emotion changes before and during the COVID-19 outbreak: a preliminary evidence based on quasi-experimental design

Emotional intelligence training as a protective factor for mental health during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Lockdown in Chinese university dormitories: Significant increase in negative feelings and time perception distortion

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