Training with the International Space Station Interim Resistive Exercise Device

Schneider, Suzanne M.; Amonette, William E.; Blazine, Kristi; Bentley, Jason R.; Lee, Stuart M. C.; Loehr, James A.; Moore, Alan; Rapley, Michael G.; Mulder, Edwin; Smith, Scott M.

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000093611.88198.08

Cited by 58 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The squat exercise is a key constituent in training and rehabilitation programs designed to build lower body strength, muscle mass, and bone mineral density (1,10,14). The physiological effects of training are, in part, dependent on the volume and intensity of exercise (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Lifting Cadences on Ground Reaction Forces During the Squat Exercise

Bentley

Amonette

Witt

et al. 2010

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Lifting Cadences on Ground Reaction Forces During the Squat Exercise

Bentley

Amonette

Witt

et al. 2010

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The iRED is an elastometer-based resistance device, which is a mode of exercise commonly used for rehabilitation. 20 Multiple exercises and muscle groups for both the upper and lower body can be trained with this device (e.g. squats, deadlifts, upright rows, shoulder press, etc.).…”

Section: Effect Of Interim Resistance Exercise Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…squats, deadlifts, upright rows, shoulder press, etc.). However, a few major concerns with this device included a limited loading range, 21 the complexity involved with switching from exercise to exercise, 21 and the force curve produced 20 . The loading range is of concern because the lowest resistance that can be used is 9kg and the highest is 136 kg.…”

Section: Effect Of Interim Resistance Exercise Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, with this device, the resistance decreases during the eccentric portion of the lift which may decrease the overall effectiveness of the stimulus. 22 Schneider et al 20 evaluated the musculoskeletal responses to 16 weeks of training with the iRED compared to regular free weights in a 1-g environment. They found that iRED training resulted in increases in muscle strength and mass, but no changes in bone mineral density.…”

Section: Effect Of Interim Resistance Exercise Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Potential exercise countermeasures to attenuate skeletal muscle deterioration in space

Loenneke¹,

Wilson²,

Bemben³

2011

Journal of Trainology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The exercise modalities available to US crew members during missions to the ISS up to and including Increment 16 (2008) were an interim resistance exercise device (iRED [64]); a free floating motorized treadmill (TVIS, [65]) that could be used in active or passive mode; and a vibration isolated cycle ergometer (CVIS). Crew members kept careful logs of their exercise bouts on these devices [66], and foot forces measurements during exercise in 4 crew members [6] confirmed that low harness forces resulted in foot forces that were substantially below those found in similar activities on earth.…”

Section: Countermeasures Used To Datementioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation of the Skeletal System During Long-Duration Spaceflight

Sibonga

Cavanagh

Lang

et al. 2007

Clinic Rev Bone Miner Metab

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review will highlight evidence from crew members flown on space missions >90 days to suggest that the adaptations of the skeletal system to mechanical unloading may predispose crew members to an accelerated onset of osteoporosis after return to Earth. By definition, osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder − characterized by low bone mineral density and structural deterioration − that reduces the ability of bones to resist fracture under the loading of normal daily activities. "Involutional" or agerelated osteoporosis is readily recognized as a syndrome afflicting the elderly population because of the insipid and asymptomatic nature of bone loss that does not typically manifest as fractures until after age 1 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20080014098 2018-05-10T03:42:55+00:00Z ~60. It is not the thesis of this review to suggest that spaceflight-induced bone loss is similar to bone loss induced by metabolic bone disease; rather this review draws parallels between the rapid and earlier loss in females that occurs with menopause and the rapid bone loss in middle-aged crew members that occurs with spaceflight unloading and how the cumulative effects of spaceflight and ageing could be detrimental, particularly if skeletal effects are totally or partially irreversible.In brief, this report will provide detailed evidence that long-duration crew members, exposed to the weightlessness of space for the typical long-duration (4-6 months) mission on Mir or the International Space Station --1. Display bone resorption that is aggressive, that targets normally weight-bearing skeletal sites, that is uncoupled to bone formation and that results in areal BMD deficits that can range between 6-20% of preflight BMD; 2. Display compartment-specific declines in volumetric BMD in the proximal femur (a skeletal site of clinical interest) that significantly reduces its compressive and bending strength and which may account for the loss in hip bone strength (i.e., force to failure); 3. Recover BMD over a post-flight time period that exceeds spaceflight exposure but for which the restoration of whole bone strength remains an open issue and may involve structural alteration; and 4. Display risk factors for bone loss --such as the negative calcium balance and down-regulated calcium-regulating hormones in response to bone atrophy --that can be compounded by the constraints of conducting mission operations (inability to provide essential nutrients and vitamins).The full characterization of the skeletal response to mechanical unloading in space is not complete. In particular, countermeasures used to date have been inadequate and it is not yet known 2 whether more appropriate countermeasures can prevent the changes in bone that have been found in previous flights, Knowledge gaps related to the effects of prolonged (> 6months) space exposure and to partial gravity environments are substantial, and longitudinal measurements on crew members after spaceflight are required to assess the full impact on skeletal recovery.

show abstract

Training with the International Space Station Interim Resistive Exercise Device

Abstract: High-intensity training with the iRED produced muscle responses similar to FW but was not effective in stimulating bone. Bed rest and spaceflight studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the iRED to prevent microgravity deconditioning.

Cited by 58 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of Different Lifting Cadences on Ground Reaction Forces During the Squat Exercise

Effects of Different Lifting Cadences on Ground Reaction Forces During the Squat Exercise

Potential exercise countermeasures to attenuate skeletal muscle deterioration in space

Adaptation of the Skeletal System During Long-Duration Spaceflight

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About