Training Positive Rumination in Expressive Writing to Enhance Psychological Adjustment and Working Memory Updating for Maladaptive Ruminators

Yang, Haitao; Li, Huizhong

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00789

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The present study indicated that EW interventions helped high test-anxious individuals with high working memory capacity to alleviate state anxiety and CUP effect. Previous research has shown that participants who use more cognitive words during writing significantly increase their working memory capacity [25,26] and minimize intrusive and avoidant thoughts about bad occurrences [21,22,33]. The present study supports these ideas and shows that the high test-anxious participants who used more emotional and cognitive words in the written content were less affected by test stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…EW interventions have emotionally cathartic and cognitive adjustment functions, which could help test-anxious individuals reduce task-irrelevant thinking [23]. Studies have shown that writing down feelings and thoughts about forthcoming exams can aid students in reducing depression and anxiety [24], enhance working memory capacity [25,26], and improve test performance [27]. High test-anxious individuals can write to vent negative emotional experiences about exams, reduce stressful experiences, and relieve the load on their cognitive system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Expressive Writing on “Choking under Pressure” in High Test-Anxious Individuals

Zhang

2022

IJERPH

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(1) Background: High test-anxious students often fail to perform at their actual level and are prone to choking under pressure (CUP). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether expressive writing (EW) can help high test-anxious individuals reduce the degree of the CUP effect, and whether the intervention effects were different in people with different working memory capacities. (2) Methods: High test-anxious participants wrote expressively (EW group) or neutrally (control group) according to guidance, and then completed a modular arithmetic (MA) task under a high-stress condition. (3) Results: The state anxiety score of the control group was significantly higher than that of the EW group in the high-pressure situation, indicating that the EW intervention was helpful to alleviate the state anxiety. Subjects with high working memory capacity in the control group performed the complex MA task significantly less accurately in the high-stress situation than in the low-stress situation, showing the CUP effect. There was no significant difference in complex MA task scores between high- and low-stress situations for subjects with high working memory capacity in the EW group, indicating that the EW intervention can reduce the degree of the CUP effect. (4) Conclusions: EW intervention was effective in reducing state anxiety levels and attenuating the detrimental effects of test stress on cognitive processing in test-anxious individuals with high working memory capacity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Expressive Writing on “Choking under Pressure” in High Test-Anxious Individuals

Zhang

2022

IJERPH

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“…Positive emotion expressive writing has been shown to alleviate intrusive rumination to facilitate personal growth (Glass et al, 2019). However, expressions of both positive and negative emotions tend to reduce maladaptive ruminations and increase positive rumination and psychological adjustment (Yang & Li, 2020). Therefore, it is possible that both positive and negative emotional expressivity may mediate the relationship between intrusive rumination and PTG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post accidental injury: Mediating roles of emotional expressivity, rumination, and posttraumatic growth

Pan

Zhao

et al. 2022

Nursing & Health Sciences

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This study explored the relationship between rumination (deliberate or intrusive), emotional expressivity (positive or negative), and posttraumatic growth among patients within 1 month after an accidental injury. Using a cross-sectional design, 313 patients were investigated in two comprehensive hospitals. The results revealed that intrusive rumination had a significant positive effect on posttraumatic growth, partly through four different pathways: (i) the mediating role of deliberate rumination; (ii) the chain mediating role of deliberate rumination and negative emotional expressivity; (iii) the chain mediating role of negative emotional expressivity and positive emotional expressivity; and (iv) the chain mediating role of negative emotional expressivity, positive emotional expressivity, and deliberate rumination. Interventions to encourage emotional expressivity and facilitate the transition from intrusive rumination to deliberate rumination may promote posttraumatic growth soon after an accidental injury.

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“…Tey learn to take the initiative to self-regulate, gradually change negative thoughts, and establish positive coping styles. Together, these skills help patients cope with their disease, deal with shame, and improve their confdence to overcome stigma [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Positive Psychology Expressive Writing on Stigma, Hope, Coping Style, and Quality of Life in Hospitalized Female Patients with Schizophrenia: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Tang

Cheng

Zhang

et al. 2023

Perspectives in Psychiatric Care

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Purpose. Schizophrenia accounts for more than 50% of psychiatric inpatients, and its special manifestations and recurring illnesses not only bring great harm to patients and their families but also pose great challenges to social security and management. Schizophrenia is associated with the most severe stigma of all mental illnesses. This stigma seriously affects the psychological functioning and quality of life of people with schizophrenia. Female patients’ experiences with stigma tend to be more severe than those of male patients and their self-denial and discrimination may be more serious. As expressive writing is a relatively simple, brief intervention that may serve as a useful and cost-effective alternative intervention or adjunct to other treatments, it is important to assess its effectiveness for female patients with schizophrenia. In this study, we explored the effect of a positive psychology expressive writing intervention on stigma, hope, coping style, and quality of life in hospitalized female patients with schizophrenia. Methods. This randomized controlled trial investigated the psychophysiological benefits of a positive psychology expressive writing (PPEW) in 54 schizophrenia patients recruited from the psychiatry department of a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Nanjing, China. Patients were randomized into the experimental group (n = 27) and control group (n = 27). The experimental group participated in the positive psychology expressive writing for 2 weeks, while the control group received routine psychiatric care. As outcome measures, all patients completed the Personal Information Form, Perceived Devaluation-Discrimination (PDD), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), Herth Hope Index Scale (HHIS), and Quality of Life Scale for Schizophrenia (SQLS). Results. There were significant differences in PDD, SCSQ, HHIS, and SQLS pretest to posttest scores between the experimental and control groups shown by the per protocol (PP) and intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis ( P < 0.05). PPEW decreased the level of stigma and improved hope, coping style, and quality of life among patients with schizophrenia. Conclusion. These findings highlight the benefits of including positive psychology expressive writing (PPEW) in daily psychological treatment of patients with schizophrenia to promote their rehabilitation and improve their quality of life.

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Training Positive Rumination in Expressive Writing to Enhance Psychological Adjustment and Working Memory Updating for Maladaptive Ruminators

Cited by 7 publications

References 52 publications

Effects of Expressive Writing on “Choking under Pressure” in High Test-Anxious Individuals

Effects of Expressive Writing on “Choking under Pressure” in High Test-Anxious Individuals

Post accidental injury: Mediating roles of emotional expressivity, rumination, and posttraumatic growth

Effect of a Positive Psychology Expressive Writing on Stigma, Hope, Coping Style, and Quality of Life in Hospitalized Female Patients with Schizophrenia: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

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